### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **archaîos**, represented by `{{G744}}`, refers to that which is **original or primeval**. Derived from ἀρχή, it signifies something ancient, from the beginning, or belonging to a former time. It appears **12 times** across **12 unique verses** in the Bible. It is used to describe people, concepts, and even the world itself as belonging to a past age.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In scripture, `{{G744}}` is used to establish a contrast between a former state and a new one. In 2 Corinthians, "old things" (`{{G744}}`) are said to have passed away for the believer in Christ, who has become a "new creature" [[2 Corinthians 5:17]]. The term also identifies a key spiritual adversary, describing Satan as "that old (`{{G744}}`) serpent" ([[Revelation 12:9]], [[Revelation 20:2]]). It is used by Jesus in the Sermon on the Mount to refer to the teachings heard by "them of old time" ([[Matthew 5:21]], [[Matthew 5:33]]), setting a foundation for his own authoritative instruction. The word can also refer to the "old world" that was destroyed in the flood [[2 Peter 2:5]] or to individuals, such as an "old disciple" [[Acts 21:16]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the meaning of `{{G744}}` in context:
* `{{G2537}}` **kainós** (new): This word is used in direct opposition to `{{G744}}` to describe the "new creature" and how "all things are become new," highlighting a complete transformation from a former state [[2 Corinthians 5:17]].
* `{{G3789}}` **óphis** (serpent): This term is explicitly linked to `{{G744}}` to identify the Devil, or Satan, as "that old serpent," emphasizing his ancient and cunning nature as an adversary ([[Revelation 12:9]], [[Revelation 20:2]]).
* `{{G2889}}` **kósmos** (world): This refers to the orderly arrangement of the world and its inhabitants. It is paired with `{{G744}}` to describe the "old world" that God did not spare from the flood, contrasting it with the world that followed [[2 Peter 2:5]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G744}}` is significant, often serving to frame a transition in God's redemptive plan.
* **A New Creation:** The declaration that "old things are passed away" establishes a clear line between life before and after salvation in Christ. The believer's former identity is considered `{{G744}}`, or "old," and replaced by a new creation [[2 Corinthians 5:17]].
* **The Ancient Enemy:** By labeling the **dragon** (`{{G1404}}`) as the "old serpent," scripture connects the final enemy of God's people with the primeval deceiver from the beginning, identifying **Satan** (`{{G4567}}`) as a long-standing foe of humanity [[Revelation 12:9]].
* **Foundation for Fulfilment:** Jesus' references to the teachings given to "them of old time" do not necessarily dismiss them, but rather use their ancient authority as the starting point for a deeper, fulfilled understanding of the law that He brings ([[Matthew 5:21]], [[Matthew 5:27]]).
### Summary
In summary, `{{G744}}` is more than just a label for age. It points to what is foundational, primeval, and often, what is being superseded by a new work of God. Whether describing the "old world," the "old serpent," or the "old things" of a believer's past, **archaîos** serves to highlight the profound and transformative nature of God's actions throughout history and in the life of an individual.
TRV