The Greek word harmózō, represented by G718, means to espouse or betroth. It appears 1 time across 1 unique verse in the Bible. The term is derived from a word meaning "to joint," and is used figuratively to describe the act of wooing or arranging a betrothal, cementing a union.
The single use of G718 is found in 2 Corinthians 11:2, where the Apostle Paul describes his ministry to the Corinthian believers. He uses the language of betrothal to illustrate the spiritual union he has worked to establish between them and Jesus Christ. Paul states, "for I have espoused you to one husband, that I may present you as a chaste virgin to Christ" 2 Corinthians 11:2. This context frames his apostolic work as that of a father or guardian arranging a sacred marriage, ensuring the bride remains faithful to her intended husband.
Several related words from its context in 2 Corinthians 11:2 illuminate the meaning of G718:
- G2206 zēlóō (to have warmth of feeling for or against): Paul uses this to express the "godly jealousy" that motivates him, a protective zeal for the Corinthians' exclusive relationship with Christ 2 Corinthians 11:2.
- G435 anḗr (a man (properly as an individual male)): In this passage, it is translated as husband, identifying Christ as the singular individual to whom believers are betrothed 2 Corinthians 11:2.
- G3933 parthénos (a maiden): This describes the believers as a virgin, highlighting the purity and unadulterated devotion required in their commitment to Christ 2 Corinthians 11:2.
- G3936 parístēmi (to stand beside, i.e. (transitively) to exhibit, proffer): This word clarifies the goal of the betrothal, which is to present the believers in a pure state to Christ 2 Corinthians 11:2.
The theological weight of G718 is centered on the metaphor of the church as the bride of Christ.
- Spiritual Betrothal: The word espouse frames the covenant relationship between believers and Christ. Paul's action is to facilitate this sacred joining, committing the believers to their "one husband" 2 Corinthians 11:2.
- Apostolic Responsibility: Paul's use of G718 reveals his pastoral role. He acts as the one who arranges the betrothal, driven by a "godly jealousy" G2316 G2205 to ensure the believers' faithfulness to Christ alone.
- Goal of Purity: The ultimate purpose of this espousal is to present G3936 the church as a "chaste virgin" G53 G3933 to Christ. This underscores the theological importance of purity, holiness, and undivided devotion in the Christian life.
In summary, while harmózō G718 appears only once, its singular use provides a powerful and enduring metaphor. It defines the work of ministry as joining believers to Christ in a sacred betrothal. The concept encapsulates the church's exclusive commitment to Christ, the necessity of spiritual purity, and the ultimate goal of being presented to Him as a devoted bride. This single verse 2 Corinthians 11:2 uses G718 to beautifully illustrate the intimate and covenantal relationship between Christ and His people.
TRV