### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **hyperballóntōs**, represented by `{{G5234}}`, is an adverb meaning **excessively** or **beyond measure**. It is derived from the present participle active of ὑπερβάλλω. This specific term is exceptionally rare in scripture, appearing only **1 time** in **1 unique verse**, making its single usage particularly impactful.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The sole appearance of `{{G5234}}` is in [[2 Corinthians 11:23]], where the Apostle Paul defends his ministry. In a rhetorical passage where he speaks "as a fool" `{{G3912}}`, Paul contrasts his own sufferings with those of other ministers of Christ `{{G5547}}`. He asserts that he is more of a minister, validating this claim with a list of hardships he has endured. Among these are more abundant labours `{{G2873}}`, more frequent imprisonments `{{G5438}}`, and facing death `{{G2288}}` often. The word `{{G5234}}` is used to describe the beatings he received, stating he was **in** `{{G1722}}` stripes **above measure** [[2 Corinthians 11:23]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several words from its context in [[2 Corinthians 11:23]] help illuminate its meaning:
* `{{G4127}}` **plēgḗ** (stripe): This is the specific affliction that was endured "above measure." The word means **a stroke; by implication, a wound; figuratively, a calamity**. Paul's use of it highlights the severe physical violence he suffered for his faith [[2 Corinthians 11:23]].
* `{{G4056}}` **perissotérōs** (more abundant/frequent): This adverb, meaning **more superabundantly**, is used twice in the same verse to quantify Paul's labours and imprisonments. It functions similarly to `{{G5234}}`, establishing a comparison of extreme hardship [[2 Corinthians 11:23]].
* `{{G1249}}` **diákonos** (minister): Paul's entire list of sufferings is presented to answer the question, "Are they **ministers** of Christ?" The term refers to an **attendant... a Christian teacher and pastor... servant**. Paul argues his excessive suffering proves his authenticity as a servant of Christ [[2 Corinthians 11:23]].
* `{{G2873}}` **kópos** (labour): Defined as **toil (as reducing the strength), literally or figuratively; by implication, pains**, this word is the first in Paul's list of credentials. The labours he endured were "more abundant," setting the stage for the extreme nature of the other sufferings described [[2 Corinthians 11:23]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G5234}}` is concentrated in its single, powerful use.
* **The Reality of Apostolic Suffering:** The term vividly illustrates that the cost of being a **minister** `{{G1249}}` of Christ in the early church was not moderate but extreme. The suffering was not just present but "excessive" [[2 Corinthians 11:23]].
* **A Measure of Devotion:** In his defense, Paul uses the extremity of his suffering as a measure of his devotion. By stating he received **stripes** `{{G4127}}` **above measure**, he provides a stark, physical testament to the depth of his commitment to the gospel, setting himself apart from others [[2 Corinthians 11:23]].
* **Contrast and Emphasis:** The word functions as a point of ultimate emphasis. After listing labours as "more abundant" and prisons as "more frequent," Paul uses **hyperballóntōs** to describe a level of suffering that goes beyond simple comparison into the realm of the excessive and overwhelming [[2 Corinthians 11:23]].
### Summary
In summary, while `{{G5234}}` appears only once, its placement in scripture is profound. It provides a unique and superlative measure for the afflictions endured by the Apostle Paul. The term **hyperballóntōs** serves as a permanent biblical marker for a degree of suffering that is "beyond measure," underscoring the immense personal cost of his unwavering service as a **minister** `{{G1249}}` of **Christ** `{{G5547}}`.
TRV