from πραΰς; mildness, i.e. (by implication) humility:--meekness.
Transliteration:praÿtēs
Pronunciation:prah-oo'-tace
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek term πραΰτης (praÿtēs), Strong's number `{{G4240}}`, derives from the adjective πραΰς (praÿs), meaning "mild," "gentle," or "humble." As a noun, πραΰτης denotes the quality or state of being mild or gentle. It is often translated as "meekness" or "gentleness" in English Bibles. Crucially, this concept must be understood not as weakness, timidity, or a lack of conviction, but rather as *strength under control* or *power bridled*. It signifies a disposition of soul that is gentle, humble, and patient, particularly in the face of provocation or injury. It involves a humble recognition of one's own limitations and dependence on God, coupled with a patient, non-retaliatory attitude towards others, even when wronged. It is a quiet, unassuming spirit that is teachable and submissive to God's will, while also being considerate and temperate in its dealings with fellow human beings.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The term πραΰτης appears frequently in the New Testament, revealing its multifaceted significance within Christian ethics and character.
* **As a Fruit of the Spirit:** In [[Galatians 5:23]], πραΰτης is listed as one of the nine fruits of the Spirit, indicating that it is an internal disposition produced by the Holy Spirit's work in the believer's life. This places it beyond mere human effort, marking it as a divine quality.
* **In Christian Conduct and Relationships:**
* Paul exhorts believers to walk "with all humility and gentleness (πραΰτης)" in [[Ephesians 4:2]], emphasizing its role in maintaining unity within the body of Christ.
* Similarly, in [[Colossians 3:12]], it is listed among the virtues that believers, as God's chosen ones, are to "put on," alongside compassion, kindness, humility, and patience.
* In the pastoral epistles, πραΰτης is presented as essential for leadership and ministry. Timothy is instructed to pursue "righteousness, godliness, faith, love, steadfastness, gentleness (πραΰτης)" in [[1 Timothy 6:11]].
* Pastors are admonished to correct opponents "with gentleness (πραΰτης)" ([[2 Timothy 2:25]]), aiming for repentance rather than further alienation.
* Titus is reminded to teach believers to "show perfect courtesy (πραΰτης) toward all people" ([[Titus 3:2]]), underscoring its universal application in social interaction.
* **In Receiving God's Word:** [[James 1:21]] instructs believers to "receive with meekness (πραΰτης) the implanted word, which is able to save your souls." This highlights a humble, teachable spirit, open to God's truth without resistance or pride.
* **In Demonstrating Wisdom:** [[James 3:13]] links wisdom with πραΰτης: "Who is wise and understanding among you? By his good conduct let him show his works in the meekness (πραΰτης) of wisdom." True wisdom is not boastful or contentious but is expressed through a gentle and humble demeanor.
* **In Evangelism and Apologetics:** [[1 Peter 3:15]] advises believers to "always be prepared to make a defense to anyone who asks you for a reason for the hope that is in you; yet do it with meekness (πραΰτης) and fear." This demonstrates that even in defending the faith, the manner of presentation should be characterized by gentleness and respect, rather than aggression or arrogance.
Across these contexts, πραΰτης consistently appears as a virtue that moderates human passion, promotes harmonious relationships, and facilitates a humble reception of divine truth. It stands in stark contrast to the world's values of assertiveness, dominance, and self-promotion.
### Related Words & Concepts
Understanding πραΰτης is enhanced by examining its relationship with other significant Greek terms:
* **πραΰς (praÿs) `{{G4239}}`:** This is the adjectival root of πραΰτης. Most notably, Jesus describes himself as "gentle (πραΰς) and lowly in heart" in [[Matthew 11:29]], providing the ultimate model for this virtue.
* **ταπεινοφροσύνη (tapeinophrosynē) `{{G5012}}`:** Often translated as "humility" or "lowliness of mind." While distinct, πραΰτης and ταπεινοφροσύνη are closely related. Humility is the internal disposition that recognizes one's dependence on God and proper place before others, while meekness (πραΰτης) is the outward expression of that humility, especially in one's conduct and reactions. They frequently appear together ([[Ephesians 4:2]], [[Colossians 3:12]]).
* **μακροθυμία (makrothymia) `{{G3115}}`:** "Patience" or "longsuffering." Meekness often involves patience, particularly in enduring wrongs without retaliation, and in bearing with the faults of others.
* **ἐπιείκεια (epieikeia) `{{G1932}}`:** "Gentleness," "forbearance," or "reasonableness." This term shares significant semantic overlap with πραΰτης, both describing a gracious and temperate disposition, particularly in the exercise of authority or in dealing with those who are weaker or in error.
* **ἀγάπη (agapē) `{{G26}}`:** "Love." Meekness is a profound expression of Christian love, as it seeks the good of others, even those who are hostile, and refrains from retaliation or harshness.
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of πραΰτης is profound and central to the Christian faith:
* **Christological Paradigm:** Jesus Christ is the ultimate embodiment of πραΰτης. His self-description as "gentle and lowly in heart" ([[Matthew 11:29]]) reveals that divine power is perfectly expressed through humility and self-control, not through worldly might or aggression. His meekness was not a deficiency but a deliberate, powerful choice to submit to the Father's will, even unto death on the cross.
* **Kingdom Ethic:** The Beatitude, "Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth" ([[Matthew 5:5]]), elevates πραΰτης to a foundational virtue of the Kingdom of God. It signifies a radical reversal of worldly values, where true strength and inheritance belong not to the powerful and aggressive, but to those who humbly submit to God and are gentle in their dealings with others.
* **Evidence of Spiritual Transformation:** As a fruit of the Spirit ([[Galatians 5:23]]), πραΰτης is an undeniable sign of the Holy Spirit's indwelling and transformative work in a believer's life. It is not merely a human characteristic but a divine impartation, demonstrating conformity to the character of Christ.
* **Foundation for Discipleship and Community:** Meekness is indispensable for effective discipleship. It enables believers to receive God's Word with an open heart ([[James 1:21]]), facilitates genuine repentance in those being corrected ([[2 Timothy 2:25]]), and promotes unity and harmonious relationships within the Christian community ([[Ephesians 4:2]]). It is a virtue that fosters an environment where grace can flourish.
* **Effective Witness:** The call to present the Gospel with πραΰτης ([[1 Peter 3:15]]) underscores that the *manner* of witness is as important as the *message*. A gentle and respectful approach disarms hostility and opens hearts to the truth, reflecting the character of the God being proclaimed.
### Summary
πραΰτης (praÿtēs) signifies a profound spiritual quality of mildness, gentleness, or meekness. Far from weakness, it embodies strength under divine control, reflecting a humble and teachable spirit that is patient and non-retaliatory in the face of provocation. It is a vital fruit of the Holy Spirit, manifesting as a Christ-like disposition in the believer. Theologically, it stands as a cornerstone of the Kingdom ethic, exemplified perfectly by Jesus himself. Biblically, it is consistently presented as essential for healthy Christian relationships, effective ministry, humble reception of God's Word, and compelling witness to the world. Embracing πραΰτης involves a counter-cultural commitment to humility, patience, and gentle conduct, mirroring the character of our Lord and fostering an environment conducive to spiritual growth and divine blessing.
TRV