### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek adjective ὀργίλος (orgílos) `{{G3711}}` is derived from the noun ὀργή (orgē) `{{G3709}}`, which signifies "anger," "wrath," or "indignation." The suffix "-ilos" in Greek often denotes a propensity, characteristic, or tendency. Therefore, ὀργίλος describes an individual who is prone to anger, easily provoked, or irascible. It points to a settled disposition or character trait rather than a fleeting emotion. It implies a quickness to anger, a readiness to become wrathful, or a temperament that is inherently irritable.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The term ὀργίλος `{{G3711}}` appears only once in the New Testament, specifically in Paul's pastoral instruction to Titus concerning the qualifications for an overseer (ἐπίσκοπος).
* **[[Titus 1:7]]**: "For an overseer, as God’s steward, must be above reproach, not self-willed, not ὀργίλον (soon angry), not a drunkard, not violent, not greedy for dishonest gain."
In this singular occurrence, ὀργίλος is listed as a disqualifying characteristic for spiritual leadership. The context is a list of negative traits that an overseer *must not* possess, emphasizing the kind of character essential for managing God's household. The inclusion of "not ὀργίλον" alongside "not self-willed," "not a drunkard," and "not violent" underscores the seriousness with which a volatile or quick-tempered disposition is viewed in the context of church leadership. It indicates that a leader must possess a stable, self-controlled, and temperate spirit, free from impulsive outbursts of anger. This requirement highlights the need for leaders to model patience and composure, reflecting divine attributes rather than human failings.
### Related Words & Concepts
* **ὀργή (orgē) `{{G3709}}`**: The root noun, meaning "anger" or "wrath." ὀργίλος describes one characterized by this emotion.
* **θυμός (thymos) `{{G2372}}`**: Another significant Greek term for anger, often denoting a passionate, intense, and often sudden outburst of wrath. While ὀργή can refer to a more settled, deep-seated indignation (including righteous divine wrath), θυμός tends to emphasize the immediate, boiling passion. ὀργίλος describes a propensity for the kind of anger associated with ὀργή.
* **πραΰτης (praÿtēs) `{{G4236}}` / πραΰς (praÿs) `{{G4235}}`**: Gentleness, meekness. These virtues stand in direct antithesis to being ὀργίλος. A godly leader is expected to exhibit gentleness rather than quick anger.
* **ἐγκράτεια (enkrateia) `{{G1466}}`**: Self-control, temperance. The absence of an ὀργίλος disposition implies the presence of ἐγκράτεια, particularly over one's emotions.
* **μακροθυμία (makrothymia) `{{G3115}}`**: Patience, long-suffering. This virtue is the very opposite of being "soon angry." It describes the ability to endure provocation without retaliation or immediate anger, a crucial trait for any spiritual leader.
### Theological Significance
The prohibition against an overseer being ὀργίλος `{{G3711}}` carries profound theological weight. It reflects the character of God Himself, who is described as "slow to anger" ([[Exodus 34:6]], [[Psalm 103:8]], [[Jonah 4:2]]). Those called to lead God's people are expected to embody and reflect divine attributes, particularly patience, self-control, and a spirit of peace.
A leader who is ὀργίλος would be ill-equipped to provide wise counsel, resolve conflicts impartially, or minister effectively to a diverse congregation. Such a disposition could lead to impulsive decisions, abuse of authority, alienation within the community, and a diminished witness to the world. The emphasis on not being ὀργίλος highlights that internal character and emotional stability are as vital as theological knowledge or administrative skill for effective and righteous ministry. It underscores the New Testament's consistent call for leaders to be examples of spiritual maturity and Christ-like temperament, fostering an atmosphere of grace and peace rather than contention.
### Summary
ὀργίλος (orgílos) `{{G3711}}` designates a person who is prone to anger, easily provoked, or irascible. Its sole appearance in the New Testament, in [[Titus 1:7]], serves as a critical disqualifier for Christian overseers, emphasizing that spiritual leaders must not possess a quick or volatile temper. This requirement underscores the importance of a temperate, self-controlled, and patient character for those entrusted with the care of God's flock. The concept stands in stark contrast to virtues like μακροθυμία (patience) `{{G3115}}` and πραΰτης (gentleness) `{{G4236}}`, which are expected of godly leaders who are called to reflect the divine character of a God who is slow to anger. The study of ὀργίλος reinforces the New Testament's consistent emphasis on inner disposition and character formation as foundational for faithful and effective service in the Kingdom of God.
TRV