### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **ógdoos**, represented by `{{G3590}}`, is the ordinal number for **the eighth**. It appears 5 times across 5 unique verses in the Bible. While its literal meaning is straightforward, its usage in scripture marks significant moments of ritual, salvation, prophetic sequence, and divine order.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In its biblical occurrences, `{{G3590}}` is used to establish specific timing and identity. It marks the precise day for the covenant rite of circumcision, as when Abraham circumcised Isaac on the **eighth** day [[Acts 7:8]], a practice also followed for the child Zacharias would name John [[Luke 1:59]]. In the narrative of the flood, Noah is identified as the **eighth** person saved, positioning him as the head of a new beginning for humanity [[2 Peter 2:5]]. In prophetic revelation, a beast is identified as the **eighth** in a sequence of seven kings, one who goeth into perdition [[Revelation 17:11]]. Finally, it denotes the **eighth** foundation stone of the New Jerusalem, a beryl [[Revelation 21:20]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help illuminate the context in which `{{G3590}}` appears:
* `{{G1442}}` **hébdomos** (seventh): As the ordinal number preceding "eighth," it often appears in direct sequence, highlighting a divine order or progression, such as in the listing of the foundation stones of the New Jerusalem [[Revelation 21:20]].
* `{{G4059}}` **peritémnō** (circumcise): This action is explicitly tied to the eighth day. It defines the covenant ritual that gives significance to the timing mentioned in both Acts and Luke [[Acts 7:8]].
* `{{G2342}}` **thēríon** (beast): This word identifies the prophetic figure described as the eighth in Revelation, connecting the number to a specific entity in eschatological events [[Revelation 17:11]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G3590}}` is seen in its association with covenant, new beginnings, and finality.
* **Covenant Identity:** The "eighth day" is established as the time for circumcision, the sign of the covenant `{{G1242}}` that set apart God's people. This timing marks entry into the covenant community [[Acts 7:8]].
* **A New Beginning:** Noah being the **eighth** person [[2 Peter 2:5]] signifies more than a simple count; he represents the start of a new human race after the world was judged by the flood `{{G2627}}`, preserved by God as a "preacher of righteousness" `{{G1343}}`.
* **Prophetic Climax:** The beast that **is** the **eighth** [[Revelation 17:11]] represents the culmination of a sequence of kingdoms. Its identity as the eighth signifies its final place in a line of powers that oppose God before it "goeth into perdition" `{{G684}}`.
* **Divine Perfection:** The placement of the beryl `{{G969}}` as the **eighth** foundation stone of the New Jerusalem [[Revelation 21:20]] shows its integral part in the perfect, ordered, and beautiful creation God has prepared.
### Summary
In summary, `{{G3590}}` transcends its simple numerical value of **eighth**. It is a marker of profound spiritual significance, defining the timing of covenant acts, the identity of figures central to salvation and prophecy, and the specific order within God's ultimate plans for judgment and restoration. From the circumcision of a child to the foundations of the eternal city, **ógdoos** points to a divinely appointed place in a sequence.
TRV