### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **martýromai**, represented by `{{G3143}}`, is used to formally **testify** or **take to record**. It appears **4 times** across **3 unique verses** in the Bible. Derived from the word for "witness," it signifies a solemn and deliberate act of affirmation or exhortation, where the speaker adduces themselves as a witness to a truth or a command.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In its biblical usage, `{{G3143}}` carries significant weight. Paul uses it in an exhortation to the church in Ephesus, stating, "This I say therefore, and **testify** in the Lord, that ye henceforth walk not as other Gentiles walk" [[Ephesians 4:17]]. Here, the word elevates a command beyond mere advice to a solemn charge grounded in the Lord's authority. It is also used to declare a binding principle in [[Galatians 5:3]], where Paul **testifies** that any man who is circumcised is a **debtor** to do the whole law. In [[Acts 20:26]], Paul uses the term to make a formal declaration of his own innocence, saying, "Wherefore I **take** you **to record** this day, that I am pure from the blood of all men."
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the context in which one might **testify**:
* `{{G4043}}` **peripatéō** (to tread all around... figuratively, to live, deport oneself, follow): This word describes the manner of life or behavior. The testimony in [[Ephesians 4:17]] is a direct command regarding how believers ought to **walk**.
* `{{G3781}}` **opheilétēs** (an ower... morally, a transgressor): This term defines someone who is indebted or has an obligation. Paul **testifies** in [[Galatians 5:3]] that a person under certain conditions becomes a **debtor** to the law, connecting the act of testifying to a statement of legal or moral obligation.
* `{{G2962}}` **kýrios** (supreme in authority... Master): This title points to the source of authority. Paul's testimony in [[Ephesians 4:17]] is given "in the **Lord**," indicating that the exhortation carries divine, not merely human, weight.
### Theological Significance
The theological importance of `{{G3143}}` lies in its gravity and the authority it invokes.
* **Authoritative Charge:** The act of testifying is not a casual statement but a formal exhortation. When used "in the **Lord**" [[Ephesians 4:17]], it frames a command for Christian living as a matter of divine importance.
* **Declaration of Consequence:** The word is used to establish an undeniable truth with clear implications. To **testify** that someone is a **debtor** to the law is to formally declare their state of obligation and the consequences of their choices [[Galatians 5:3]].
* **Establishing a Record:** In [[Acts 20:26]], "to take to record" functions as a formal appeal to witnesses. It is an act of clearing one's conscience by declaring one's faithfulness, placing the responsibility on those who have heard the message.
### Summary
In summary, `{{G3143}}` is a powerful verb signifying a solemn declaration. It is not simply to speak, but to bear witness with purpose and authority. Whether used to command a certain lifestyle, define a spiritual obligation, or establish a record of one's own integrity, **martýromai** underscores the seriousness and accountability inherent in communicating divine truth.
TRV