### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **makarismós**, represented by `{{G3108}}`, refers to a **beatification** or an **attribution of good fortune**. It is a specific declaration of blessedness. This term appears **3 times** in **3 unique verses** in the Bible, highlighting a focused theological concept rather than a general feeling of happiness.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In its biblical usage, `{{G3108}}` is central to the doctrine of justification. Paul uses the term when quoting `{{G1138}}` David, who **describeth** the **blessedness** of the person to whom `{{G2316}}` God **imputeth** `{{G1343}}` righteousness **without** `{{G2041}}` works [[Romans 4:6]]. This directly connects the concept to being declared righteous by God based on faith, not deeds. Paul then asks if this **blessedness** is for the `{{G4061}}` circumcision only, or also for the `{{G203}}` uncircumcision, reinforcing that its basis is the `{{G4102}}` faith that was reckoned to `{{G11}}` Abraham [[Romans 4:9]]. In another context, Paul asks the Galatians about the **blessedness** they once experienced, a state so profound they would have been willing to pluck out their own `{{G3788}}` eyes and give them to him [[Galatians 4:15]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the meaning of `{{G3108}}`:
* `{{G1343}}` **dikaiosýnē** (righteousness): Defined as equity or justification, this is the core of the **blessedness** described in Romans. It is a status that `{{G2316}}` God **imputeth** to a person, not something earned [[Romans 4:6]].
* `{{G4102}}` **pístis** (faith): This term, meaning credence or reliance, is presented as the condition for receiving the **blessedness** of imputed righteousness, as demonstrated by the example of `{{G11}}` Abraham [[Romans 4:9]].
* `{{G2041}}` **érgon** (work): Meaning a deed, labor, or act, this word is used to create a contrast. The **blessedness** `{{G3108}}` spoken of by `{{G1138}}` David is specifically one that comes **without** works [[Romans 4:6]].
* `{{G4061}}` **peritomḗ** (circumcision): This term for the rite and people of circumcision is used to question the scope of God's declared **blessedness**, establishing that it extends beyond Jewish identity to all who have `{{G4102}}` faith [[Romans 4:9]].
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of `{{G3108}}` is substantial, focusing on the source and nature of true blessing.
* **A Declared State:** **Makarismós** is not primarily an emotion but a divinely declared status. It is the **blessedness** of the person whom God declares righteous [[Romans 4:6]].
* **Grace Without Works:** The term is fundamentally tied to the concept of justification by faith alone. This **blessedness** is given **without** works, separating it from any notion of human merit [[Romans 4:6]].
* **A Profound Experience:** While a declared state, it produces a tangible spiritual reality. The Galatians had experienced this **blessedness** so intensely that it produced a spirit of radical generosity and devotion [[Galatians 4:15]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G3108}}` is a precise term that defines the **blessedness** which comes from God's declaration. It is not a reward for human effort but an **attribution of good fortune** based on `{{G4102}}` faith, resulting in imputed `{{G1343}}` righteousness. This concept is shown to be universal, available to both `{{G4061}}` circumcision and `{{G203}}` uncircumcision, and manifests as a profound, life-altering spiritual state.
TRV