### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **líbanos**, represented by `{{G3030}}`, refers to **frankincense**. Derived from a foreign origin, the term signifies the incense-tree or, by implication, the incense itself. It is a rare word in scripture, appearing only **2 times** in **2 unique verses**.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The two appearances of `{{G3030}}` place it in distinct contexts. First, it is presented as one of the precious gifts brought by the wise men to the young child Jesus. Along with gold and myrrh, **frankincense** is offered as an act of worship [[Matthew 2:11]]. Later, it is listed among the valuable cargo and merchandise of the great city Babylon, alongside other luxury goods like cinnamon, odours, and ointments, highlighting its status as a commodity in worldly commerce [[Revelation 18:13]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help contextualize the value and purpose of **frankincense**:
* `{{G5557}}` **chrysós** (gold): This term for **gold** appears alongside **frankincense** as one of the treasures offered to Jesus, signifying great value and honor [[Matthew 2:11]].
* `{{G4666}}` **smýrna** (myrrh): Presented with **gold** and **frankincense**, **myrrh** is the third gift of the wise men, establishing a clear grouping of precious substances for worship [[Matthew 2:11]].
* `{{G2368}}` **thymíama** (incense, odour): This word for fragrant powder burnt in religious service is listed with **frankincense** in Babylon's inventory [[Revelation 18:13]] and is directly associated with the prayers of the saints offered at the altar [[Revelation 8:3-4]].
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of `{{G3030}}` is tied to its specific uses as both a sacred offering and a worldly good.
* **An Offering of Worship:** Its inclusion as a gift presented to Jesus by the wise men establishes **frankincense** as an item suitable for honoring divinity. The act of presenting it immediately follows the act of falling down to worship [[Matthew 2:11]].
* **A Symbol of Worldly Commerce:** In Revelation, **frankincense** is listed among the extensive and corrupt merchandise of Babylon. Its presence in a list that concludes with slaves and the souls of men illustrates its role as a luxury item within a fallen economic system [[Revelation 18:13]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G3030}}` is a specific and infrequently used term for **frankincense**. Though its occurrences are few, they present a powerful contrast. The word illustrates how a single substance can be used in the highest act of worship—honoring the Son of God—and also be counted among the fleeting, material riches of a corrupt world destined for judgment. Its value is recognized in both sacred and secular spheres.
TRV