### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **kŷma**, represented by `{{G2949}}`, is defined as a **billow** or **wave**. Derived from a word meaning to swell or curve, it describes a billow as something bursting or toppling. It appears **5 times** across **5 unique verses** in the Bible.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In biblical narratives, `{{G2949}}` is used to describe the powerful and often dangerous movement of water during a storm. In the Gospels, **waves** are shown covering a ship during a great tempest [[Matthew 8:24]], beating into a vessel during a storm of wind [[Mark 4:37]], and tossing a ship when the wind was contrary [[Matthew 14:24]]. The destructive power of **waves** is highlighted in Acts, where their violence breaks apart a ship that has run aground [[Acts 27:41]]. The word is also used figuratively in Jude to describe ungodly people as raging **waves** of the sea [[Jude 1:13]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the context and meaning of `{{G2949}}`:
* `{{G66}}` **ágrios** (wild, raging): This adjective directly modifies **kŷma** to describe its fierce and untamed nature, particularly in the figurative sense of "raging **waves**" that represent corrupt individuals [[Jude 1:13]].
* `{{G1911}}` **epibállō** (to throw upon... beat into): This verb describes the aggressive action of the **waves** against a vessel during a storm, as seen when they "beat into the ship" [[Mark 4:37]].
* `{{G928}}` **basanízō** (to torture... toss, vex): This word illustrates the severe effect of the **waves** on a ship, showing how it was "tossed with **waves**" in the midst of the sea [[Matthew 14:24]].
### Theological Significance
The theological and figurative significance of `{{G2949}}` is tied to its depiction of chaos and power.
* **Symbol of Chaos and Peril:** The **waves** represent the powerful, untamed forces of the natural world that threaten human security. They are agents of tempests `{{G4578}}` and storms `{{G2978}}` that can cover and break ships ([[Matthew 8:24]], [[Acts 27:41]]).
* **Demonstration of Divine Authority:** The storms that produce these **waves** serve as the setting for demonstrating Christ's power. His ability to rebuke the winds and the sea, calming the **waves**, showcases his authority over the created order that appeared contrary `{{G1727}}` to his disciples.
* **Metaphor for Moral Turmoil:** In Jude, the image of "raging **waves**" `{{G66}}` becomes a potent metaphor for false teachers. Their nature is as unstable and destructive as the sea, and their actions result in "foaming out" `{{G1890}}` their own **shame** `{{G152}}`, much like a wave crashes and dissipates [[Jude 1:13]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G2949}}` denotes a sea **wave**, a concept used both literally and figuratively in Scripture. In narrative accounts, it is a tangible element of danger and chaos in storms at sea. Theologically, it expands to become a powerful symbol for the turbulent and shameful character of ungodly people, illustrating how the natural world is used to convey profound spiritual truths about disorder, peril, and divine authority.
TRV