The Greek word koítē, represented by G2845, primarily refers to a couch or bed. It appears 4 times across 4 unique verses in the Bible. The term extends beyond its literal meaning to encompass concepts of cohabitation, and by implication, the act of conception.
In scripture, G2845 is used in several distinct contexts. It can refer to a literal place of rest, as when a man states his children are with him in bed Luke 11:7. It also signifies the physical union within marriage, which is to be kept undefiled, as stated in Hebrews 13:4 where the bed is described as undefiled in the context of an honourable marriage. In a negative sense, it is used as chambering and listed among sinful behaviors to be avoided, such as rioting and wantonness Romans 13:13. Finally, it is used to describe the act of procreation, as when Rebecca had conceived by Isaac Romans 9:10.
Several related words clarify the contexts in which G2845 appears:
- G1062 gámos (marriage): This word establishes the sacred context for cohabitation. Scripture states that marriage is honourable and the bed undefiled Hebrews 13:4.
- G766 asélgeia (wantonness): Paired with "chambering" in a list of prohibitions, this term for licentiousness highlights the nature of sexual activity outside of God's design Romans 13:13.
- G3432 moichós (adulterer): This term identifies those who defile the marital union. The Bible contrasts the undefiled bed of marriage with the judgment that awaits adulterers Hebrews 13:4.
The theological weight of G2845 is centered on the biblical view of sexuality and lineage.
- Sanctity of Marriage: The most direct theological application is the high value placed on the marital union. The phrase "the bed undefiled" within an honourable marriage establishes a divine standard for sexual intimacy Hebrews 13:4.
- Prohibition of Immorality: Its use as "chambering" in Romans 13:13 places illicit sexual acts in a category of sinful behaviors that are contrary to a life lived honestly. It is listed alongside rioting G2970 and drunkenness G3178.
- Covenantal Conception: The word's use for Rebecca having "conceived" by Isaac connects it to the theme of procreation within God's covenant plan for Israel through its patriarchs Romans 9:10.
In summary, G2845 is a multifaceted word that moves from a literal bed to the profound concepts of marital intimacy and procreation. It serves to both uphold the honor of the marital union as undefiled and to warn against the sin of "chambering" or sexual immorality. Through its limited but potent usage, koítē illustrates the clear biblical distinction between sacred intimacy and profane licentiousness.
TRV