### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The word **Kēphâs**, represented by `{{G2786}}`, is a surname for Peter meaning **the Rock**. Of Chaldee origin, it appears **6 times** in **6 unique verses**. This name was bestowed upon the apostle by Jesus and is used by other New Testament writers to refer to him.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The name **Kēphâs** is introduced in a pivotal moment when Jesus first meets Simon, the son of Jona. Jesus renames him, stating, "thou shalt be called **Cephas**, which is by interpretation, A stone" [[John 1:42]]. In his epistles, Paul refers to **Cephas** to denote Peter's significant standing within the early church. He is listed as a leader to whom some in the Corinthian church claimed allegiance [[1 Corinthians 1:12]] and is mentioned as one who saw the resurrected Christ [[1 Corinthians 15:5]]. Alongside James and John, **Cephas** was perceived to be a **pillar** in the Jerusalem church [[Galatians 2:9]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the identity and role of `{{G2786}}`:
* `{{G4074}}` **Pétros**: meaning "a (piece of) rock," this is the Greek equivalent of Cephas and the name Peter. [[John 1:42]] explicitly connects the two names, with the interpretation of Cephas being a "stone" `{{G4074}}`.
* `{{G4613}}` **Símōn**: Peter's original given name. He is identified as "**Simon** the son of Jona" at the moment he is renamed **Cephas** [[John 1:42]].
* `{{G2495}}` **Iōnâs**: the name of Peter's father. Jesus identifies Simon by his parentage, "son of **Jona**," before giving him his new name [[John 1:42]].
* `{{G4769}}` **stŷlos**: meaning "a post ('style'), i.e. (figuratively) support:--pillar." This term is used to describe the role of **Cephas**, along with James and John, in the early church community [[Galatians 2:9]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G2786}}` is centered on the identity and mission given to Peter by Christ.
* **A New Identity and Purpose:** The act of renaming Simon to **Cephas** signifies a new identity conferred directly by Jesus, defining his future role as "the Rock" [[John 1:42]].
* **Foundational Leadership:** The description of **Cephas** as a **pillar** `{{G4769}}` highlights his role as a foundational support for the early church, recognized by other apostles like Paul [[Galatians 2:9]].
* **Primary Apostolic Witness:** The mention that the resurrected Christ "was seen of **Cephas**, then of the twelve" [[1 Corinthians 15:5]] establishes his primacy as a witness to the cornerstone event of the Christian faith.
### Summary
In summary, `{{G2786}}` is far more than an alternative name for Peter. It is a title of distinction bestowed by Jesus himself. The name **Kēphâs** defines his foundational significance, his position as a primary apostolic witness, and his role as a **pillar** of the early church. Its use in scripture consistently points to the unique authority and leadership position he held among the apostles.
TRV