### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **kardiognṓstēs**, represented by `{{G2589}}`, is a specific title meaning **a heart-knower**. It is a rare term, appearing only **2 times** in **2 unique verses** in the Bible. This compound word, derived from καρδία (heart) and γινώσκω (to know), directly describes one who possesses perfect knowledge of the inner thoughts and character of humanity.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In Scripture, `{{G2589}}` is used exclusively as a title for God, highlighting His divine omniscience. In the context of selecting a new apostle, the disciples pray, "Thou, **Lord**, which knowest the hearts of all men" [[Acts 1:24]]. Later, when affirming the inclusion of the Gentiles, Peter states that **God**, "which knoweth the hearts," bore witness to them [[Acts 15:8]]. In both instances, the term is used to affirm that God's actions are based on a perfect understanding that transcends outward appearances.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words clarify the context in which God is described as the knower of hearts:
* `{{G2962}}` **kýrios** (supreme in authority, i.e. controller; by implication, Master): This title is used when addressing the one "which knowest the hearts" in prayer [[Acts 1:24]].
* `{{G2316}}` **theós** (a deity, especially the supreme Divinity): This term explicitly identifies **God** as the one "which knoweth the hearts," linking this attribute directly to the supreme Divinity [[Acts 15:8]].
* `{{G4336}}` **proseúchomai** (to pray to God, i.e. supplicate, worship): The disciples perform this action when they address the Lord as the heart-knower, showing that prayer is directed toward an omniscient being [[Acts 1:24]].
* `{{G3140}}` **martyréō** (to be a witness, i.e. testify): This is the action God, the heart-knower, performs. He bore them **witness** based on his perfect knowledge of their hearts [[Acts 15:8]].
* `{{G2036}}` **épō** (to speak or say): This word describes the disciples' act of speaking in prayer, where they **said**, "Thou, Lord, which knowest the hearts" [[Acts 1:24]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G2589}}` is significant despite its infrequent use, as it defines a core attribute of God.
* **Divine Omniscience:** The term is applied only to the **Lord** [[Acts 1:24]] and **God** [[Acts 15:8]], establishing that the perfect knowledge of human hearts is a characteristic unique to the supreme Divinity.
* **Basis for Divine Action:** God's knowledge of the heart is not passive. It serves as the foundation for Him to show who He has chosen [[Acts 1:24]] and to **testify** on behalf of believers by giving them the Holy Ghost [[Acts 15:8]].
* **The Nature of Prayer:** The use of `{{G2589}}` within a prayer emphasizes that believers are addressing a being who fully understands their innermost being, making sincerity in worship essential [[Acts 1:24]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G2589}}` is a precise and powerful term for "heart-knower." Though appearing only twice, it is a cornerstone for understanding a key aspect of God's character. It is reserved exclusively for the **Lord** and **God**, defining His absolute omniscience and serving as the righteous basis for His actions of choosing and bearing **witness**. The word illustrates that God's relationship with humanity is based on a perfect and complete knowledge of the heart.
TRV