### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **kaíper**, represented by `{{G2539}}`, is a particle derived from καί and περ. Its definition is "and indeed, i.e. nevertheless or notwithstanding:--and yet, although." This word appears a total of **6 times** in **6 unique verses**, making each occurrence significant in its context. It functions to introduce a fact or state that exists in spite of another, creating a sense of contrast or concession.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In its biblical usage, `{{G2539}}` often sets up a powerful theological contrast. In [[Hebrews 5:8]], it is used to describe Christ, stating that **though** he was a Son, he still learned obedience through suffering. This highlights the reality of his human experience. Similarly, in [[2 Peter 1:12]], the author states his intention to remind the believers of the truth **though** they already know it, emphasizing the importance of reinforcement. The word also appears in a more mysterious context in [[Revelation 17:8]], describing the beast that "was, and is not, **and yet** is," underscoring its paradoxical nature. In each case, `{{G2539}}` signals that what follows is true notwithstanding the preceding clause.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help to understand the function of `{{G2539}}` as a particle that connects and qualifies clauses:
* `{{G2532}}` **kaí** (and, also, even): As a component of `kaíper`, this primary particle has a copulative and cumulative force. It is used to join concepts, as seen in the command to seek the kingdom of God **and** his righteousness [[Matthew 6:33]].
* `{{G1063}}` **gár** (for, because, yet): This particle is used to assign a reason or make an explanation. It often introduces a justification for a previous statement, such as in [[Hebrews 12:17]], which begins, "**For** ye know..." to explain why Esau was rejected.
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G2539}}` lies in its ability to frame profound spiritual truths by acknowledging a condition while asserting a greater reality.
* **Christ's Humility:** The statement in [[Hebrews 5:8]], "**Though** he were a Son, yet learned he obedience," is a cornerstone of Christology. `{{G2539}}` establishes the paradox of the divine Son's submission to suffering, providing a model of perfect obedience.
* **Faith Over Flesh:** In [[Philippians 3:4]], Paul uses the word to dismiss his earthly credentials, saying, "**Though** I might also have confidence in the flesh..." The word sets up a contrast between his past status and the superior value of faith in Christ.
* **Persistence in the Face of Futility:** The word is used in [[Hebrews 12:17]] to describe Esau's failed attempt at repentance, "**though** he sought it carefully with tears." This usage highlights that human effort, however sincere, cannot reverse a divine consequence.
### Summary
In summary, `{{G2539}}` is a concise but potent word that introduces contrast and concession. It is not merely a connector but a framing device that brings two realities into sharp focus, often to reveal a deeper theological point. Whether describing Christ's obedience [[Hebrews 5:8]] or the limits of human confidence [[Philippians 3:4]], **kaíper** forces the reader to understand that one truth can exist "notwithstanding" or "in spite of" another, revealing the complex and often paradoxical nature of God's work.
TRV