### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **hiereús**, represented by `{{G2409}}`, is the foundational New Testament term for a **priest**. It appears 32 times across 30 unique verses. The term's application is broad, encompassing both the literal office of a **priest** within the Israelite religious system and the figurative role applied to key theological figures and to believers in Christ.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{G2409}}` is frequently used to identify the Levitical **priests** who served under the Law of Moses. When Jesus cleansed lepers, he instructed them to go and show themselves to the **priest** to complete the commanded ceremonial rites ([[Matthew 8:4]], [[Luke 5:14]]). The term also defines the exclusive duties of the priesthood, as seen when Jesus mentioned that only **priests** were lawfully permitted to eat the shewbread [[Mark 2:26]]. The word also identifies key individuals like Zacharias, a **priest** from the course of Abia [[Luke 1:5]], and even the pagan **priest** of Jupiter who sought to offer sacrifices to Paul and Barnabas [[Acts 14:13]]. Figuratively, believers are designated as **priests** unto God, made so through Christ ([[Revelation 1:6]], [[Revelation 5:10]]).
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words expand on the concept of the priesthood and its functions:
* `{{G749}}` **archiereús** (high priest): A compound word designating the chief **priest**, a title applied to figures like Abiathar [[Mark 2:26]] and supremely to Christ as the High **Priest** of our profession [[Hebrews 3:1]].
* `{{G2411}}` **hierón** (temple): Derived from the same root as **hiereús**, this refers to the sacred place where the **priests** ministered and profane the sabbath while remaining blameless [[Matthew 12:5]].
* `{{G2378}}` **thysía** (sacrifice): This refers to the offering made by a **priest**. The Levitical **priests** offered these **sacrifices** repeatedly, though they could never take away sins [[Hebrews 10:11]].
* `{{G3008}}` **leitourgéō** (minister): This describes the religious service performed by a **priest**, who stands daily **ministering** in the temple [[Hebrews 10:11]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G2409}}` is demonstrated by its different applications:
* **The Levitical Priesthood:** The Old Covenant **priests** were many because they were prevented by death from continuing in office [[Hebrews 7:23]]. Their role under the law was temporary and their sacrifices insufficient to perfect the conscience [[Hebrews 10:11]].
* **The Melchisedec Priesthood:** A superior and eternal priesthood is introduced with **Melchisedec**, a **priest** of the most high God [[Hebrews 7:1]]. This order is described as being without father, mother, or descent, abiding a **priest** continually [[Hebrews 7:3]]. Christ is a **priest** forever in this order [[Hebrews 5:6]].
* **The Priesthood of Believers:** Through Christ, believers are made kings and **priests** unto God ([[Revelation 1:6]], [[Revelation 5:10]]). They are described as blessed and holy, and will reign with Christ [[Revelation 20:6]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G2409}}` is a term of immense theological importance that develops throughout the New Testament. It moves from the literal, earthly role of the Aaronic **priest** under a temporary covenant to the superior, eternal priesthood of Christ in the order of Melchisedec. Ultimately, the title is extended to the church, identifying all believers as a holy nation and a kingdom of **priests** serving God. This progression illustrates the fulfillment of God's redemptive plan, moving from the shadows of the law to the reality found in Christ.
TRV