of Hebrew origin (גִּדְעוֹן); Gedeon (i.e. Gid(e)on), an Israelite:--Gedeon (in the King James Version).
Transliteration:Gedeṓn
Pronunciation:ghed-eh-own'
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
Gedeṓn (Γεδεών, `{{G1066}}`) is a direct transliteration of the Hebrew proper noun Gidown (גִּדְעוֹן, `{{H1439}}`). The Hebrew root from which the name is derived is often associated with the ideas of "hewing," "cutting down," or "felling." This etymological nuance aligns with Gideon's actions, particularly his initial act of cutting down the altar of Baal and the Asherah pole ([[Judges 6:25-27]]), and his subsequent role in cutting down the Midianite oppressors. As a proper noun, its semantic range is restricted to identifying a specific historical individual, the judge of Israel.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The Greek form Gedeṓn appears only once in the New Testament, within the celebrated "Hall of Faith" in the book of Hebrews:
* [[Hebrews 11:32]]: "And what more shall I say? For time would fail me to tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, of David and Samuel and the prophets—"
This singular New Testament citation places Gideon among a distinguished list of Old Testament figures who exemplified faith. His story is extensively detailed in the Book of Judges, primarily in chapters 6-8. Called by God to deliver Israel from the oppressive Midianites, Gideon's narrative is characterized by divine commissioning, his initial reluctance and requests for signs (such as the fleece, [[Judges 6:36-40]]), and ultimately, his obedience. The most significant aspect of his military campaign is the drastic reduction of his army from 32,000 to a mere 300 men, ensuring that the victory over the Midianites would be clearly attributed to God's power rather than human strength ([[Judges 7:2-7]]). The New Testament reference in Hebrews affirms his status as a model of faith, not for his personal might, but for his willingness to trust and act upon God's extraordinary commands.
### Related Words & Concepts
* **Hebrew Origin:** The primary related word is its Hebrew original, גִּדְעוֹן (Gidown, `{{H1439}}`), which provides the etymological and historical context for the figure.
* **Book of Judges:** The entire narrative of Gideon is found within this historical book, specifically [[Judges 6]], [[Judges 7]], and [[Judges 8]]. Understanding these chapters is crucial for comprehending the New Testament's reference.
* **Heroes of Faith:** Gideon is listed with other exemplars of faith in [[Hebrews 11]], including Barak, Samson, Jephthah, David, and Samuel. This grouping highlights a common thread of trust in God despite challenging circumstances.
* **Divine Empowerment:** Gideon's story powerfully illustrates the biblical theme of God using the weak and few to accomplish His mighty purposes, thereby magnifying His own power and glory (cf. [[1 Corinthians 1:27-29]]).
* **Obedience Despite Doubt:** While Gideon's requests for signs might suggest doubt, they ultimately lead to confirmed faith and obedience, demonstrating God's patience with human weakness.
### Theological Significance
Gideon's inclusion in the "Hall of Faith" in [[Hebrews 11]] is profoundly significant. It underscores that true faith is not the absence of questions or initial hesitation, but a steadfast reliance on God's word and power, even when circumstances seem impossible. His requests for divine confirmation, though sometimes seen as a lack of faith, are met with God's patient affirmation, ultimately leading Gideon to courageous obedience.
The victory over the Midianites, achieved with only 300 men armed with trumpets, jars, and torches, is a quintessential Old Testament demonstration of God's sovereignty and His ability to save irrespective of human might. This event serves as a powerful theological statement: God deliberately orchestrates situations to ensure that all glory for salvation belongs to Him alone ([[Judges 7:2]]). This principle resonates throughout Scripture, emphasizing that divine power is perfected in human weakness ([[2 Corinthians 12:9]]).
Furthermore, Gideon's narrative reveals God's faithfulness to His covenant people, even when they are in a state of spiritual decline and oppression. God raises up a deliverer not because of Israel's merit, but out of His unfailing love and commitment to His promises. Gideon's later refusal of kingship ([[Judges 8:22-23]]), stating "The Lord will rule over you," briefly upholds the theological ideal of Yahweh's sole kingship over Israel, a principle often challenged throughout their history.
### Summary
Gedeṓn (Γεδεών, `{{G1066}}`) is the Greek transliteration of the Hebrew name Gideon (גִּדְעוֹן, `{{H1439}}`), a pivotal figure in the Book of Judges. His sole appearance in the New Testament in [[Hebrews 11:32]] cements his legacy as a hero of faith. The biblical account in Judges reveals a man called by God to deliver Israel from Midianite oppression. Despite initial human fear and requests for divine assurance, Gideon's ultimate obedience to God's specific and unconventional commands led to a miraculous victory with a mere 300 men. This narrative powerfully illustrates several theological truths: God's sovereign power is perfected in human weakness, He alone deserves the glory for salvation, and His faithfulness to His covenant people endures even amidst their failings. Gideon's story serves as an enduring testament to the transformative power of faith in a God who can accomplish the impossible through those who trust Him.
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