These [were] the orderings of them in their service to come into the house of the LORD, according to their manner, under Aaron their father, as the LORD God of Israel had commanded him.
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Commentary for Nehemiah 7:39
Nehemiah 7:39 is a verse from a section of the biblical book of Nehemiah that lists the returnees from the Babylonian exile who settled in Jerusalem and its vicinity. The verse specifically mentions the descendants of Jedaiah, from the house of Jeshua, who were priests. The historical context of this verse is the period following the Persian king Cyrus's decree allowing the Jews to return to their homeland after decades of exile. This list in Nehemiah 7 parallels the list found in Ezra 2, and it is believed to reflect the community's efforts to reestablish their religious and social structures upon their return.
The mention of the priests, particularly the children of Jedaiah, underscores the importance of the priestly classes in the post-exilic community. These priests would have been responsible for the religious life of the people, including temple service, sacrifices, and teaching the law. The number of priests listed—nine hundred seventy and three—indicates a substantial group, which would have been necessary for the temple's operations and for maintaining the religious identity of the returning exiles.
The themes present in this verse include the restoration of the Jewish people to their land, the rebuilding of the temple and its cultic practices, and the significance of genealogical records in establishing legitimacy and order within the priestly class. The detailed accounting of the returning exiles also reflects a broader biblical theme of God's faithfulness to His people, as He orchestrates their return and the reconstruction of their religious and civic life, despite the challenges they faced in the process.
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Strong's Numbers and Definitions:
Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)
Strong's Number: H3548 There are 653 instances of this translation in the Bible Lemma: כֹּהֵן Transliteration: kôhên Pronunciation: ko-hane' Description: active participle of כָּהַן; literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman); chief ruler, [idiom] own, priest, prince, principal officer.
Strong's Number: H1121 There are 3654 instances of this translation in the Bible Lemma: בֵּן Transliteration: bên Pronunciation: bane Description: from בָּנָה; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.); [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
Strong's Number: H3048 There are 11 instances of this translation in the Bible Lemma: יְדַעְיָה Transliteration: Yᵉdaʻyâh Pronunciation: yed-ah-yaw' Description: from יָדַע and יָהּ; Jah has known; Jedajah, the name of two Israelites; Jedaiah.
Strong's Number: H1004 There are 1718 instances of this translation in the Bible Lemma: בַּיִת Transliteration: bayith Pronunciation: bah'-yith Description: probably from בָּנָה abbreviated; a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.); court, daughter, door, [phrase] dungeon, family, [phrase] forth of, [idiom] great as would contain, hangings, home(born), (winter) house(-hold), inside(-ward), palace, place, [phrase] prison, [phrase] steward, [phrase] tablet, temple, web, [phrase] within(-out).
Strong's Number: H3442 There are 29 instances of this translation in the Bible Lemma: יֵשׁוּעַ Transliteration: Yêshûwaʻ Pronunciation: yay-shoo'-ah Description: for יְהוֹשׁוּעַ; he will save; Jeshua, the name of ten Israelites, also of a place in Palestine; Jeshua.
Strong's Number: H8672 There are 57 instances of this translation in the Bible Lemma: תֵּשַׁע Transliteration: têshaʻ Pronunciation: tay'-shah Description: or (masculine) תִּשְׁעָה; perhaps from שָׁעָה through the idea of a turn to the next or full number ten; nine or (ordinal) ninth; nine ([phrase] -teen, [phrase] -teenth, -th).
Strong's Number: H3967 There are 512 instances of this translation in the Bible Lemma: מֵאָה Transliteration: mêʼâh Pronunciation: may-aw' Description: or מֵאיָה; properly, a primitive numeral; a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction; hundred((-fold), -th), [phrase] sixscore.
Strong's Number: H7657 There are 90 instances of this translation in the Bible Lemma: שִׁבְעִים Transliteration: shibʻîym Pronunciation: shib-eem' Description: multiple of שֶׁבַע; seventy; seventy, threescore and ten ([phrase] -teen).
Strong's Number: H7969 There are 381 instances of this translation in the Bible Lemma: שָׁלוֹשׁ Transliteration: shâlôwsh Pronunciation: shaw-loshe' Description: or שָׁלֹשׁ; masculine שְׁלוֹשָׁה; or שְׁלֹשָׁה; a primitive number; three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multiple) thrice; [phrase] fork, [phrase] often(-times), third, thir(-teen, -teenth), three, [phrase] thrice. Compare שָׁלִישׁ.