Luke 23:48

King James Version:

(The Lord speaking is red text)

And all the people that came together to that sight, beholding the things which were done, smote their breasts, and returned.

Complete Jewish Bible:

And when all the crowds that had gathered to watch the spectacle saw the things that had occurred, they returned home beating their breasts.

Berean Standard Bible:

And when all the people who had gathered for this spectacle saw what had happened, they returned home beating their breasts.

American Standard Version:

And all the multitudes that came together to this sight, when they beheld the things that were done, returned smiting their breasts.

KJV with Strong’s Numbers:

And^{G2532} all^{G3956} the people^{G3793} that came together^{G4836} to^{G1909} that^{G5026} sight^{G2335}, beholding^{G2334} the things which were done^{G1096}, smote^{G5180} their^{G1438} breasts^{G4738}, and returned^{G5290}.

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Commentary for Luke 23:48

Luke 23:48, "And all the people that came together to that sight, beholding the things which were done, smote their breasts, and returned," captures a moment of collective grief and self-reflection among the crowd witnessing the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. This verse is set within the broader context of the Passion narrative, specifically at the climax of Jesus' crucifixion in the Gospel of Luke.

The historical context of this verse is the Roman Empire's occupation of Judea, where crucifixion was a common method of execution for criminals and insurrectionists. Jesus, who had been accused of blasphemy and sedition, was crucified alongside two criminals outside the city walls of Jerusalem. The crowd's reaction, as described in this verse, is significant because it shows a shift in the public sentiment towards Jesus. Initially, many in the crowd had called for Jesus' crucifixion, influenced by the religious leaders who saw him as a threat. However, upon witnessing the brutal execution and possibly the supernatural occurrences accompanying it—such as the darkness over the land and the tearing of the temple veil—the people are struck with a profound sense of sorrow and possibly guilt or realization of their mistake.

The act of beating their breasts was a cultural expression of grief and repentance. It signifies deep mourning and an acknowledgment of personal culpability or shared responsibility in the tragedy unfolding before them. The people's return, without further commentary in the text, suggests a somber departure, each individual left to grapple with the impact of the events they had witnessed.

In summary, Luke 23:48 encapsulates a poignant moment of communal remorse and introspection as the crowd, having witnessed the crucifixion of Jesus, physically and emotionally expresses their regret and possibly their dawning recognition of Jesus' innocence and the gravity of the injustice they had participated in, whether actively or passively. This verse reflects the profound impact of Jesus' death on those who were present, setting the stage for the eventual proclamation of his resurrection and the spread of Christianity.

*This commentary is produced by Microsoft/WizardLM-2-8x22B AI model

Strong's Numbers and Definitions:

Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)

1. Strong's Number: G2532
   There are 5212 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: καί
   Transliteration: kaí
   Pronunciation: kahee
   Description: apparently, a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words:--and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet.
   
2. Strong's Number: G3956
   There are 1075 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: πᾶς
   Transliteration: pâs
   Pronunciation: pas
   Description: including all the forms of declension; apparently a primary word; all, any, every, the whole:--all (manner of, means), alway(-s), any (one), X daily, + ever, every (one, way), as many as, + no(-thing), X thoroughly, whatsoever, whole, whosoever.
   
3. Strong's Number: G3793
   There are 170 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: ὄχλος
   Transliteration: óchlos
   Pronunciation: okh'los
   Description: from a derivative of ἔχω (meaning a vehicle); a throng (as borne along); by implication, the rabble; by extension, a class of people; figuratively, a riot:--company, multitude, number (of people), people, press.
   
4. Strong's Number: G4836
   There are 2 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: συμπαραγίνομαι
   Transliteration: symparagínomai
   Pronunciation: soom-par-ag-in'-om-ahee
   Description: from σύν and παραγίνομαι; to be present together, i.e. to convene; by implication, to appear in aid:--come together, stand with.
   
5. Strong's Number: G1909
   There are 790 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: ἐπί
   Transliteration: epí
   Pronunciation: ep-ee'
   Description: a primary preposition; properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e. over, upon, etc.; of rest (with the dative case) at, on, etc.; of direction (with the accusative case) towards, upon, etc.:--about (the times), above, after, against, among, as long as (touching), at, beside, X have charge of, (be-, (where-))fore, in (a place, as much as, the time of, -to), (because) of, (up-)on (behalf of), over, (by, for) the space of, through(-out), (un-)to(-ward), with. In compounds it retains essentially the same import, at, upon, etc. (literally or figuratively).
   
6. Strong's Number: G5026
   There are 119 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: ταύτῃ
   Transliteration: taútēi
   Pronunciation: tow'-tace
   Description: dative case, accusative case and genitive case respectively of the feminine singular of οὗτος; (towards or of) this:--her, + hereof, it, that, + thereby, the (same), this (same).
   
7. Strong's Number: G2335
   There are 1 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: θεωρία
   Transliteration: theōría
   Pronunciation: theh-o-ree'-ah
   Description: from the same as θεωρέω; spectatorship, i.e. (concretely) a spectacle:--sight.
   
8. Strong's Number: G2334
   There are 55 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: θεωρέω
   Transliteration: theōréō
   Pronunciation: theh-o-reh'-o
   Description: from a derivative of θεάομαι (perhaps by addition of ὁράω); to be a spectator of, i.e. discern, (literally, figuratively (experience) or intensively (acknowledge)):--behold, consider, look on, perceive, see. Compare ὀπτάνομαι.
   
9. Strong's Number: G1096
   There are 636 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: γίνομαι
   Transliteration: gínomai
   Pronunciation: ghin'-om-ahee
   Description: a prolongation and middle voice form of a primary verb; to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e. (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.):--arise, be assembled, be(-come, -fall, -have self), be brought (to pass), (be) come (to pass), continue, be divided, draw, be ended, fall, be finished, follow, be found, be fulfilled, + God forbid, grow, happen, have, be kept, be made, be married, be ordained to be, partake, pass, be performed, be published, require, seem, be showed, X soon as it was, sound, be taken, be turned, use, wax, will, would, be wrought.
   
10. Strong's Number: G5180
    There are 13 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: τύπτω
    Transliteration: týptō
    Pronunciation: toop'-to
    Description: a primary verb (in a strengthened form); to "thump", i.e. cudgel or pummel (properly, with a stick or bastinado), but in any case by repeated blows; thus differing from παίω and πατάσσω, which denote a (usually single) blow with the hand or any instrument, or πλήσσω with the fist (or a hammer), or ῥαπίζω with the palm; as well as from τυγχάνω, an accidental collision); by implication, to punish; figuratively, to offend (the conscience):--beat, smite, strike, wound.
    
11. Strong's Number: G1438
    There are 312 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: ἑαυτοῦ
    Transliteration: heautoû
    Pronunciation: heh-ow-too'
    Description: from a reflexive pronoun otherwise obsolete and the genitive case (dative case or accusative case) of αὐτός; him- (her-, it-, them-, also (in conjunction with the personal pronoun of the other persons) my-, thy-, our-, your-) self (selves), etc.:--alone, her (own, -self), (he) himself, his (own), itself, one (to) another, our (thine) own(-selves), + that she had, their (own, own selves), (of) them(-selves), they, thyself, you, your (own, own conceits, own selves, -selves).
    
12. Strong's Number: G4738
    There are 5 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: στῆθος
    Transliteration: stēthos
    Pronunciation: stay'-thos
    Description: from ἵστημι (as standing prominently); the (entire external) bosom, i.e. chest:--breast.
    
13. Strong's Number: G5290
    There are 35 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: ὑποστρέφω
    Transliteration: hypostréphō
    Pronunciation: hoop-os-tref'-o
    Description: from ὑπό and στρέφω; to turn under (behind), i.e. to return (literally or figuratively):--come again, return (again, back again), turn back (again).