Leviticus 5:11

King James Version:

(The Lord speaking is red text)

But if he be not able to bring two turtledoves, or two young pigeons, then he that sinned shall bring for his offering the tenth part of an ephah of fine flour for a sin offering; he shall put no oil upon it, neither shall he put [any] frankincense thereon: for it [is] a sin offering.

Complete Jewish Bible:

"'But if his means are insufficient even for two doves or two young pigeons, then he is to bring as his offering for the sin he committed two quarts of fine flour for a sin offering; he is not to put any olive oil or frankincense on it, because it is a sin offering.

Berean Standard Bible:

But if he cannot afford two turtledoves or two young pigeons, he may bring a tenth of an ephah of fine flour as a sin offering. He must not put olive oil or frankincense on it, because it is a sin offering.

American Standard Version:

But if his means suffice not for two turtle-doves, or two young pigeons, then he shall bring his oblation for that wherein he hath sinned, the tenth part of an ephah of fine flour for a sin-offering: he shall put no oil upon it, neither shall he put any frankincense thereon; for it is a sin-offering.

KJV with Strong’s Numbers:

But if he^{H3027} be not able to bring^{H5381} two^{H8147} turtledoves^{H8449}, or two^{H8147} young^{H1121} pigeons^{H3123}, then he that sinned^{H2398} shall bring^{H935} for his offering^{H7133} the tenth^{H6224} part of an ephah^{H374} of fine flour^{H5560} for a sin offering^{H2403}; he shall put^{H7760} no oil^{H8081} upon it, neither shall he put^{H5414} any frankincense^{H3828} thereon: for it is a sin offering^{H2403}.

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Commentary for Leviticus 5:11

1. **Themes:**
- **Accessibility of Atonement:** Leviticus 5:11 reflects the theme of inclusivity in the sacrificial system by providing an alternative offering for those who cannot afford the standard sin offering of two birds. This demonstrates God's consideration for the poor, ensuring that economic status does not impede one's ability to seek atonement.
- **Sin and Atonement:** The verse is part of a larger discussion on how the Israelites are to deal with unintentional sins. It emphasizes the importance of making amends for wrongdoing through a prescribed offering, reinforcing the concept of divine justice and mercy.
- **Worship and Ritual Purity:** The specific instructions for the offerings highlight the importance of following ritual laws to maintain purity and right standing with God.

2. **Historical Context:**
- **Mosaic Law:** This verse is part of the Mosaic Law, which was given to the Israelites after their exodus from Egypt. It was intended to guide the religious and social life of the Israelite community.
- **Priestly Code:** Leviticus 5:11 falls within the Priestly Code, which contains detailed instructions for sacrifices and priestly duties. This code was likely compiled during the post-exilic period (after 538 BCE) when the Israelites were reestablishing their religious identity and practices after the Babylonian Exile.
- **Economic Strata:** The provision for a grain offering as an alternative to animal sacrifices indicates an awareness of the economic disparities among the Israelites. The society included the wealthy who could afford animal sacrifices and the poor who might only afford grain.
- **Cultic Practice:** The sin offering was a critical component of the Israelite cultic practice, necessary for the removal of sin and its consequences. The requirement for a tenth of an ephah of fine flour, without oil or frankincense, signifies a simpler and less expensive offering while still serving the purpose of atonement.

In summary, Leviticus 5:11 addresses the need for an inclusive system of atonement that accommodates different economic levels within Israelite society, emphasizing the themes of sin, atonement, and the importance of ritual purity within the historical context of the Mosaic Law and Priestly Code.

*This commentary is produced by Microsoft/WizardLM-2-8x22B AI model

Strong's Numbers and Definitions:

Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)

1. Strong's Number: H3027
   There are 1447 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: יָד
   Transliteration: yâd
   Pronunciation: yawd
   Description: a primitive word; in distinction from כַּף, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of applications, both literally and figuratively, both proximate and remote (as follows); a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.),; ([phrase] be) able, [idiom] about, [phrase] armholes, at, axletree, because of, beside, border, [idiom] bounty, [phrase] broad, (broken-) handed, [idiom] by, charge, coast, [phrase] consecrate, [phrase] creditor, custody, debt, dominion, [idiom] enough, [phrase] fellowship, force, [idiom] from, hand(-staves, -y work), [idiom] he, himself, [idiom] in, labour, [phrase] large, ledge, (left-) handed, means, [idiom] mine, ministry, near, [idiom] of, [idiom] order, ordinance, [idiom] our, parts, pain, power, [idiom] presumptuously, service, side, sore, state, stay, draw with strength, stroke, [phrase] swear, terror, [idiom] thee, [idiom] by them, [idiom] themselves, [idiom] thine own, [idiom] thou, through, [idiom] throwing, [phrase] thumb, times, [idiom] to, [idiom] under, [idiom] us, [idiom] wait on, (way-) side, where, [phrase] wide, [idiom] with (him, me, you), work, [phrase] yield, [idiom] yourselves.
   
2. Strong's Number: H5381
   There are 47 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: נָשַׂג
   Transliteration: nâsag
   Pronunciation: naw-sag'
   Description: a primitive root; to reach (literally or figuratively); ability, be able, attain (unto), (be able to, can) get, lay at, put, reach, remove, wax rich, [idiom] surely, (over-) take (hold of, on, upon).
   
3. Strong's Number: H8147
   There are 647 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: שְׁנַיִם
   Transliteration: shᵉnayim
   Pronunciation: shen-ah'-yim
   Description: dual of שֵׁנִי; feminine שְׁתַּיִם; two; also (as ordinal) twofold; both, couple, double, second, twain, [phrase] twelfth, [phrase] twelve, [phrase] twenty (sixscore) thousand, twice, two.
   
4. Strong's Number: H8449
   There are 14 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: תּוֹר
   Transliteration: tôwr
   Pronunciation: tore
   Description: or תֹּר; probably the same as תּוֹר; a ring-dove, often (figuratively) as a term of endearment; (turtle) dove.
   
5. Strong's Number: H1121
   There are 3654 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: בֵּן
   Transliteration: bên
   Pronunciation: bane
   Description: from בָּנָה; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.); [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
   
6. Strong's Number: H3123
   There are 32 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: יוֹנָה
   Transliteration: yôwnâh
   Pronunciation: yo-naw'
   Description: probably from the same as יַיִן; a dove (apparently from the warmth of their mating); dove, pigeon.
   
7. Strong's Number: H2398
   There are 220 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: חָטָא
   Transliteration: châṭâʼ
   Pronunciation: khaw-taw'
   Description: a primitive root; properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn; bear the blame, cleanse, commit (sin), by fault, harm he hath done, loss, miss, (make) offend(-er), offer for sin, purge, purify (self), make reconciliation, (cause, make) sin(-ful, -ness), trespass.
   
8. Strong's Number: H935
   There are 2307 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: בּוֹא
   Transliteration: bôwʼ
   Pronunciation: bo
   Description: a primitive root; to go or come (in a wide variety of applications); abide, apply, attain, [idiom] be, befall, [phrase] besiege, bring (forth, in, into, to pass), call, carry, [idiom] certainly, (cause, let, thing for) to come (against, in, out, upon, to pass), depart, [idiom] doubtless again, [phrase] eat, [phrase] employ, (cause to) enter (in, into, -tering, -trance, -try), be fallen, fetch, [phrase] follow, get, give, go (down, in, to war), grant, [phrase] have, [idiom] indeed, (in-) vade, lead, lift (up), mention, pull in, put, resort, run (down), send, set, [idiom] (well) stricken (in age), [idiom] surely, take (in), way.
   
9. Strong's Number: H7133
   There are 78 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: קׇרְבָּן
   Transliteration: qorbân
   Pronunciation: kor-bawn'
   Description: or קֻרְבָּן; from קָרַב; something brought near the altar, i.e. a sacrificial present; oblation, that is offered, offering.
   
10. Strong's Number: H6224
    There are 26 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: עֲשִׂירִי
    Transliteration: ʻăsîyrîy
    Pronunciation: as-ee-ree'
    Description: from עֶשֶׂר; tenth; by abbreviation, tenth month or (feminine) part; tenth (part).
    
11. Strong's Number: H374
    There are 112 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: אֵיפָה
    Transliteration: ʼêyphâh
    Pronunciation: ay-faw'
    Description: or (shortened) אֵפָה ; of Egyptian derivation; an ephah or measure for grain; hence, a measure in general; ephah, (divers) measure(-s).
    
12. Strong's Number: H5560
    There are 52 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: סֹלֶת
    Transliteration: çôleth
    Pronunciation: so'-leth
    Description: from an unused root meaning to strip; flour (as chipped off); (fine) flour, meal.
    
13. Strong's Number: H2403
    There are 272 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: חַטָּאָה
    Transliteration: chaṭṭâʼâh
    Pronunciation: khat-taw-aw'
    Description: or חַטָּאת; from חָטָא; an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or expiation; also (concretely) an offender; punishment (of sin), purifying(-fication for sin), sin(-ner, offering).
    
14. Strong's Number: H7760
    There are 550 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: שׂוּם
    Transliteration: sûwm
    Pronunciation: soom
    Description: or שִׂים; a primitive root; to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically); [idiom] any wise, appoint, bring, call (a name), care, cast in, change, charge, commit, consider, convey, determine, [phrase] disguise, dispose, do, get, give, heap up, hold, impute, lay (down, up), leave, look, make (out), mark, [phrase] name, [idiom] on, ordain, order, [phrase] paint, place, preserve, purpose, put (on), [phrase] regard, rehearse, reward, (cause to) set (on, up), shew, [phrase] stedfastly, take, [idiom] tell, [phrase] tread down, (over-)turn, [idiom] wholly, work.
    
15. Strong's Number: H8081
    There are 176 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: שֶׁמֶן
    Transliteration: shemen
    Pronunciation: sheh'-men
    Description: from שָׁמַן; grease, especially liquid (as from the olive, often perfumed); figuratively, richness; anointing, [idiom] fat (things), [idiom] fruitful, oil(-ed), ointment, olive, [phrase] pine.
    
16. Strong's Number: H5414
    There are 1816 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: נָתַן
    Transliteration: nâthan
    Pronunciation: naw-than'
    Description: a primitive root; to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.); add, apply, appoint, ascribe, assign, [idiom] avenge, [idiom] be (healed), bestow, bring (forth, hither), cast, cause, charge, come, commit, consider, count, [phrase] cry, deliver (up), direct, distribute, do, [idiom] doubtless, [idiom] without fail, fasten, frame, [idiom] get, give (forth, over, up), grant, hang (up), [idiom] have, [idiom] indeed, lay (unto charge, up), (give) leave, lend, let (out), [phrase] lie, lift up, make, [phrase] O that, occupy, offer, ordain, pay, perform, place, pour, print, [idiom] pull, put (forth), recompense, render, requite, restore, send (out), set (forth), shew, shoot forth (up), [phrase] sing, [phrase] slander, strike, (sub-) mit, suffer, [idiom] surely, [idiom] take, thrust, trade, turn, utter, [phrase] weep, [phrase] willingly, [phrase] withdraw, [phrase] would (to) God, yield.
    
17. Strong's Number: H3828
    There are 21 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: לְבוֹנָה
    Transliteration: lᵉbôwnâh
    Pronunciation: leb-o-naw'
    Description: or לְבֹנָה; from לָבָן; frankincense (from its whiteness or perhaps that of its smoke); (frank-) incense.