King James Version:
(The Lord speaking is red text)
¶ Ye shall keep my statutes. Thou shalt not let thy cattle gender with a diverse kind: thou shalt not sow thy field with mingled seed: neither shall a garment mingled of linen and woollen come upon thee.
Complete Jewish Bible:
"'Observe my regulations. "'Don't let your livestock mate with those of another kind, don't sow your field with two different kinds of grain, and don't wear a garment of cloth made with two different kinds of thread.
Berean Standard Bible:
You are to keep My statutes. You shall not crossbreed two different kinds of livestock; you shall not sow your fields with two kinds of seed; and you shall not wear clothing made of two kinds of material.
American Standard Version:
Ye shall keep my statutes. Thou shalt not let thy cattle gender with a diverse kind: thou shalt not sow thy field with two kinds of seed: neither shall there come upon thee a garment of two kinds of stuff mingled together.
KJV with Strong’s Numbers:
Ye shall keep{H8104} my statutes{H2708}. Thou shalt not let thy cattle{H929} gender{H7250} with a diverse kind{H3610}: thou shalt not sow{H2232} thy field{H7704} with mingled seed{H3610}: neither shall a garment{H899} mingled{H3610} of linen and woollen{H8162} come{H5927} upon thee.
Cross-References (KJV):
2 Corinthians 6:14
- Be ye not unequally yoked together with unbelievers: for what fellowship hath righteousness with unrighteousness? and what communion hath light with darkness?
2 Corinthians 6:17
- Wherefore come out from among them, and be ye separate, saith the Lord, and touch not the unclean [thing]; and I will receive you,
Deuteronomy 22:9
- Thou shalt not sow thy vineyard with divers seeds: lest the fruit of thy seed which thou hast sown, and the fruit of thy vineyard, be defiled.
Deuteronomy 22:11
- Thou shalt not wear a garment of divers sorts, [as] of woollen and linen together.
Matthew 9:16
- No man putteth a piece of new cloth unto an old garment, for that which is put in to fill it up taketh from the garment, and the rent is made worse.
Matthew 9:17
- Neither do men put new wine into old bottles: else the bottles break, and the wine runneth out, and the bottles perish: but they put new wine into new bottles, and both are preserved.
Galatians 3:9
- So then they which be of faith are blessed with faithful Abraham.
Explore This Verse Across Other Resources:
Commentary for Leviticus 19:19
1. **Themes:**
- **Holiness and Distinctiveness:** Leviticus 19:19 emphasizes the theme of holiness, which is central to the book of Leviticus. The Israelites are called to be holy as God is holy (Leviticus 19:2). This involves maintaining distinctiveness in their practices, which extends to their agriculture, clothing, and treatment of animals.
- **Separation and Order:** The prohibitions against crossbreeding animals, planting mixed seeds, and wearing garments of mixed fabrics reflect a broader principle of separation and order. This separation is symbolic of the Israelites' dedication to God and their distinction from other nations.
- **Purity and Ethical Conduct:** The verse is part of a larger section (Leviticus 19) that deals with various laws concerning ethical behavior, justice, and purity. These laws are designed to promote a society that reflects divine order and righteousness.
2. **Historical Context:**
- **Post-Exodus Period:** Leviticus is traditionally ascribed to Moses, written during the time the Israelites wandered in the wilderness after their exodus from Egypt. The book contains instructions given to Moses by God on Mount Sinai.
- **Formation of a New Society:** The laws in Leviticus were given to a newly formed nation, recently freed from slavery. They were meant to shape the cultural, religious, and social identity of the Israelites as they established themselves in the Promised Land.
- **Canaanite Practices:** The prohibitions in Leviticus 19:19 may also serve to differentiate the Israelites from the surrounding Canaanite cultures, which practiced various forms of sympathetic magic and fertility rites involving mixed breeding and planting.
In summary, Leviticus 19:19 is part of a holiness code that seeks to set the Israelites apart from other nations, promoting a distinct lifestyle that reflects their covenant relationship with God. The historical context is the formative period of Israel's history, as they transition from a group of slaves to a nation with its own unique identity and laws.
*This commentary is produced by Microsoft/WizardLM-2-8x22B AI model
Strong's Numbers and Definitions:
Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)
- Strong's Number: H8104
There are 440 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: שָׁמַר
Transliteration: shâmar
Pronunciation: shaw-mar'
Description: a primitive root; properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e. guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc.; beward, be circumspect, take heed (to self), keep(-er, self), mark, look narrowly, observe, preserve, regard, reserve, save (self), sure, (that lay) wait (for), watch(-man). - Strong's Number: H2708
There are 100 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: חֻקָּה
Transliteration: chuqqâh
Pronunciation: khook-kaw'
Description: feminine of חֹק, and meaning substantially the same; {an enactment; hence, an appointment (of time, space, quantity, labor or usage)}; appointed, custom, manner, ordinance, site, statute. - Strong's Number: H929
There are 172 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: בְּהֵמָה
Transliteration: bᵉhêmâh
Pronunciation: be-hay-maw'
Description: from an unused root (probably meaning to be mute); properly, a dumb beast; especially any large quadruped or animal (often collective); beast, cattle. - Strong's Number: H7250
There are 3 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: רָבַע
Transliteration: râbaʻ
Pronunciation: raw-bah'
Description: a primitive root; to squat or lie out flat, i.e. (specifically) in copulation; let gender, lie down. - Strong's Number: H3610
There are 2 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: כִּלְאַיִם
Transliteration: kilʼayim
Pronunciation: kil-ah'-yim
Description: dual of כֶּלֶא in the original sense of separation; two heterogeneities; divers seeds (-e kinds), mingled (seed). - Strong's Number: H2232
There are 54 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: זָרַע
Transliteration: zâraʻ
Pronunciation: zaw-rah'
Description: a primitive root; to sow; figuratively, to disseminate, plant, fructify; bear, conceive seed, set with sow(-er), yield. - Strong's Number: H7704
There are 309 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: שָׂדֶה
Transliteration: sâdeh
Pronunciation: saw-deh'
Description: or שָׂדַי; from an unused root meaning to spread out; a field (as flat); country, field, ground, land, soil, [idiom] wild. - Strong's Number: H899
There are 190 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: בֶּגֶד
Transliteration: beged
Pronunciation: behg'-ed
Description: from בָּגַד; a covering, i.e. clothing; also treachery or pillage; apparel, cloth(-es, ing), garment, lap, rag, raiment, robe, [idiom] very (treacherously), vesture, wardrobe. - Strong's Number: H8162
There are 2 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: שַׁעַטְנֵז
Transliteration: shaʻaṭnêz
Pronunciation: shah-at-naze'
Description: probably of foreign derivation; linsey-woolsey, i.e. cloth of linen and wool carded and spun together; garment of divers sorts, linen and wollen. - Strong's Number: H5927
There are 817 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: עָלָה
Transliteration: ʻâlâh
Pronunciation: aw-law'
Description: a primitive root; to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative; arise (up), (cause to) ascend up, at once, break (the day) (up), bring (up), (cause to) burn, carry up, cast up, [phrase] shew, climb (up), (cause to, make to) come (up), cut off, dawn, depart, exalt, excel, fall, fetch up, get up, (make to) go (away, up); grow (over) increase, lay, leap, levy, lift (self) up, light, (make) up, [idiom] mention, mount up, offer, make to pay, [phrase] perfect, prefer, put (on), raise, recover, restore, (make to) rise (up), scale, set (up), shoot forth (up), (begin to) spring (up), stir up, take away (up), work.