King James Version:
(The Lord speaking is red text)
And if thou refuse to let [them] go, behold, I will smite all thy borders with frogs:
Complete Jewish Bible:
If you refuse to let them go, I will strike all your territory with frogs.
Berean Standard Bible:
But if you refuse to let them go, I will plague your whole country with frogs.
American Standard Version:
And if thou refuse to let them go, behold, I will smite all thy borders with frogs:
KJV with Strong’s Numbers:
And if thou refuse{H3986} to let them go{H7971}, behold, I will smite{H5062} all thy borders{H1366} with frogs{H6854}:
Cross-References (KJV):
Psalms 78:45
- He sent divers sorts of flies among them, which devoured them; and frogs, which destroyed them.
Exodus 9:2
- For if thou refuse to let [them] go, and wilt hold them still,
Exodus 7:14
- ¶ And the LORD said unto Moses, Pharaoh's heart [is] hardened, he refuseth to let the people go.
Revelation 16:13
- And I saw three unclean spirits like frogs [come] out of the mouth of the dragon, and out of the mouth of the beast, and out of the mouth of the false prophet.
Revelation 16:14
- For they are the spirits of devils, working miracles, [which] go forth unto the kings of the earth and of the whole world, to gather them to the battle of that great day of God Almighty.
Psalms 105:30
- Their land brought forth frogs in abundance, in the chambers of their kings.
Explore This Verse Across Other Resources:
Commentary for Exodus 8:2
1. **Themes:**
- **Divine Authority and Power:** The verse emphasizes God's authority over the natural world, demonstrating His power through the ability to control the presence of frogs.
- **Obedience and Consequences:** It conveys the theme of obedience to God's will, with the consequence of disobedience being a plague, illustrating the importance of heeding divine commandments.
- **Judgment and Justice:** The plague of frogs is a form of divine judgment against Pharaoh's refusal to release the Israelites, highlighting the theme of justice for the oppressed.
- **Liberation:** The underlying narrative is about the liberation of the Israelites from slavery in Egypt, a central theme in the book of Exodus.
2. **Historical Context:**
- **Time Period:** The events depicted in Exodus, including the plague of frogs, are traditionally dated to the late Bronze Age, around the 13th century BCE.
- **Egyptian Slavery:** The Israelites were enslaved in Egypt, and the book of Exodus recounts their deliverance from bondage.
- **Pharaoh's Hardened Heart:** The Pharaoh of Egypt, to whom this verse is addressed, had enslaved the Israelites and repeatedly hardened his heart against God's command to let His people go, leading to a series of divine plagues.
- **The Plagues of Egypt:** The plague of frogs is the second of ten plagues sent by God to convince Pharaoh to free the Israelites. These plagues are seen as a direct challenge to the gods of Egypt and Pharaoh's authority.
- **Cultural Significance:** Frogs held some religious significance in ancient Egypt, and the plague would have been particularly disturbing to the Egyptians, who revered the goddess Heket, often depicted as a frog.
In summary, Exodus 8:2 reflects themes of divine power, the necessity of obedience, justice, and the pursuit of freedom, set against the backdrop of the Israelites' oppression in Egypt and the confrontation between the God of Israel and the Egyptian authorities.
*This commentary is produced by Microsoft/WizardLM-2-8x22B AI model
Strong's Numbers and Definitions:
Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)
- Strong's Number: H3986
There are 4 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: מָאֵן
Transliteration: mâʼên
Pronunciation: maw-ane'
Description: from מָאֵן; unwilling; refuse. - Strong's Number: H7971
There are 790 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: שָׁלַח
Transliteration: shâlach
Pronunciation: shaw-lakh'
Description: a primitive root; to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications); [idiom] any wise, appoint, bring (on the way), cast (away, out), conduct, [idiom] earnestly, forsake, give (up), grow long, lay, leave, let depart (down, go, loose), push away, put (away, forth, in, out), reach forth, send (away, forth, out), set, shoot (forth, out), sow, spread, stretch forth (out). - Strong's Number: H5062
There are 46 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: נָגַף
Transliteration: nâgaph
Pronunciation: naw-gaf'
Description: a primitive root; to push, gore, defeat, stub (the toe), inflict (a disease); beat, dash, hurt, plague, slay, smite (down), strike, stumble, [idiom] surely, put to the worse. - Strong's Number: H1366
There are 196 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: גְּבוּל
Transliteration: gᵉbûwl
Pronunciation: gheb-ool'
Description: or גְּבֻל; (shortened) from גָּבַל; properly, a cord (as twisted), i.e. (by implication) a boundary; by extension the territory inclosed; border, bound, coast, [idiom] great, landmark, limit, quarter, space. - Strong's Number: H6854
There are 13 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: צְפַרְדֵּעַ
Transliteration: tsᵉphardêaʻ
Pronunciation: tsef-ar-day'-ah
Description: from צָפַר and a word elsewhere unused meaning a swamp; a marsh-leaper, i.e. frog; frog.