Exodus 34:22

King James Version:

(The Lord speaking is red text)

And thou shalt observe the feast of weeks, of the firstfruits of wheat harvest, and the feast of ingathering at the year's end.

Complete Jewish Bible:

"Observe the festival of Shavu'ot with the first-gathered produce of the wheat harvest, and the festival of ingathering at the turn of the year.

Berean Standard Bible:

And you are to celebrate the Feast of Weeks with the firstfruits of the wheat harvest, and the Feast of Ingathering at the turn of the year.

American Standard Version:

And thou shalt observe the feast of weeks, even of the first-fruits of wheat harvest, and the feast of ingathering at the year’s end.

KJV with Strong’s Numbers:

And thou shalt observe^{H6213} the feast^{H2282} of weeks^{H7620}, of the firstfruits^{H1061} of wheat^{H2406} harvest^{H7105}, and the feast^{H2282} of ingathering^{H614} at the year's^{H8141} end^{H8622}.

Cross-References (KJV):

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Commentary for Exodus 34:22

**Themes:**
Exodus 34:22 highlights several key themes:
1. **Observance of Festivals:** The verse emphasizes the importance of observing the festivals of Passover (Feast of Unleavened Bread) and Shavuot (Feast of Weeks), which is also known as Pentecost. These are significant religious observances in the Jewish calendar.
2. **Agricultural Cycles:** The verse connects religious practice with the agricultural cycle, tying the Feast of Weeks to the firstfruits of the wheat harvest, and the Feast of Ingathering (Sukkot) to the end of the year, reflecting the agrarian nature of ancient Israelite society.
3. **Firstfruits and Thanksgiving:** The concept of firstfruits represents an offering of the first and best of the harvest to God, expressing gratitude and acknowledging God's provision.
4. **Covenantal Faithfulness:** The verse is part of the covenant renewal at Mount Sinai after the incident of the golden calf. It underscores God's expectations for Israel's faithfulness to the covenant, which includes keeping these festivals.

**Historical Context:**
Exodus 34:22 is set within the larger narrative of the Israelites' journey from Egypt to the Promised Land. After the golden calf incident, Moses intercedes for the people, and God renews the covenant, providing a second set of tablets with the Ten Commandments. This renewal includes specific instructions about the festivals, which serve both religious and social purposes.

The Feast of Weeks, occurring fifty days after Passover, celebrates the wheat harvest and commemorates the giving of the Torah on Mount Sinai. The Feast of Ingathering, or Sukkot, takes place at the end of the agricultural year, marking the completion of the harvest cycle and celebrating the bounty of the land.

These festivals were not only times of worship and sacrifice but also served to unify the people, remind them of their history, and reinforce the social and economic structures of the Israelite community. They were to be observed annually, creating a rhythm of life that was both sacred and tied to the land.

*This commentary is produced by Microsoft/WizardLM-2-8x22B AI model

Strong's Numbers and Definitions:

Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)

1. Strong's Number: H6213
   There are 2286 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: עָשָׂה
   Transliteration: ʻâsâh
   Pronunciation: aw-saw'
   Description: a primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application; accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, [idiom] certainly, have the charge of, commit, deal (with), deck, [phrase] displease, do, (ready) dress(-ed), (put in) execute(-ion), exercise, fashion, [phrase] feast, (fight-) ing man, [phrase] finish, fit, fly, follow, fulfill, furnish, gather, get, go about, govern, grant, great, [phrase] hinder, hold (a feast), [idiom] indeed, [phrase] be industrious, [phrase] journey, keep, labour, maintain, make, be meet, observe, be occupied, offer, [phrase] officer, pare, bring (come) to pass, perform, pracise, prepare, procure, provide, put, requite, [idiom] sacrifice, serve, set, shew, [idiom] sin, spend, [idiom] surely, take, [idiom] thoroughly, trim, [idiom] very, [phrase] vex, be (warr-) ior, work(-man), yield, use.
   
2. Strong's Number: H2282
   There are 55 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: חַג
   Transliteration: chag
   Pronunciation: khag
   Description: or חָג; from חָגַג; a festival, or a victim therefor; (solemn) feast (day), sacrifice, solemnity.
   
3. Strong's Number: H7620
   There are 17 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: שָׁבוּעַ
   Transliteration: shâbûwaʻ
   Pronunciation: shaw-boo'-ah
   Description: or שָׁבֻעַ; also (feminine) שְׁבֻעָה; properly, passive participle of שָׁבַע as a denominative of שֶׁבַע; literally, sevened, i.e. a week (specifically, of years); seven, week.
   
4. Strong's Number: H1061
   There are 16 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: בִּכּוּר
   Transliteration: bikkûwr
   Pronunciation: bik-koor'
   Description: from בָּכַר; the first-fruits of the crop; first fruit (-ripe (figuratively)), hasty fruit.
   
5. Strong's Number: H2406
   There are 30 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: חִטָּה
   Transliteration: chiṭṭâh
   Pronunciation: khit-taw'
   Description: of uncertain derivation; wheat, whether the grain or the plant; wheat(-en).
   
6. Strong's Number: H7105
   There are 49 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: קָצִיר
   Transliteration: qâtsîyr
   Pronunciation: kaw-tseer'
   Description: from קָצַר; severed, i.e. harvest (as reaped), the crop, the time, the reaper, or figuratively; also a limb (of a tree, or simply foliage); bough, branch, harvest (man).
   
7. Strong's Number: H614
   There are 73 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: אָסִיף
   Transliteration: ʼâçîyph
   Pronunciation: aw-seef'
   Description: or אָסִף; from אָסַף; gathered, i.e. (abstractly) a gathering in of crops; ingathering.
   
8. Strong's Number: H8141
   There are 647 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: שָׁנֶה
   Transliteration: shâneh
   Pronunciation: shaw-neh'
   Description: (in plural or (feminine) שָׁנָה; from שָׁנָה; a year (as a revolution of time); [phrase] whole age, [idiom] long, [phrase] old, year([idiom] -ly).
   
9. Strong's Number: H8622
   There are 4 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: תְּקוּפָה
   Transliteration: tᵉqûwphâh
   Pronunciation: tek-oo-faw'
   Description: or תְּקֻפָה; from נָקַף; a revolution, i.e. (of the sun) course, (of time) lapse; circuit, come about, end.