King James Version:
(The Lord speaking is red text)
Against him came up Shalmaneser king of Assyria; and Hoshea became his servant, and gave him presents.
Complete Jewish Bible:
Shalman'eser king of Ashur advanced against Hoshea, and Hoshea became his vassal and paid him tribute.
Berean Standard Bible:
Shalmaneser king of Assyria attacked him, and Hoshea became his vassal and paid him tribute.
American Standard Version:
Against him came up Shalmaneser king of Assyria; and Hoshea became his servant, and brought him tribute.
KJV with Strong’s Numbers:
Against him came up{H5927} Shalmaneser{H8022} king{H4428} of Assyria{H804}; and Hoshea{H1954} became his servant{H5650}, and gave{H7725} him presents{H4503}.
Cross-References (KJV):
Hosea 10:14
- Therefore shall a tumult arise among thy people, and all thy fortresses shall be spoiled, as Shalman spoiled Betharbel in the day of battle: the mother was dashed in pieces upon [her] children.
2 Kings 15:19
- [And] Pul the king of Assyria came against the land: and Menahem gave Pul a thousand talents of silver, that his hand might be with him to confirm the kingdom in his hand.
Isaiah 10:11
- Shall I not, as I have done unto Samaria and her idols, so do to Jerusalem and her idols?
Isaiah 10:12
- Wherefore it shall come to pass, [that] when the Lord hath performed his whole work upon mount Zion and on Jerusalem, I will punish the fruit of the stout heart of the king of Assyria, and the glory of his high looks.
Isaiah 10:5
- ¶ O Assyrian, the rod of mine anger, and the staff in their hand is mine indignation.
Isaiah 10:6
- I will send him against an hypocritical nation, and against the people of my wrath will I give him a charge, to take the spoil, and to take the prey, and to tread them down like the mire of the streets.
2 Samuel 8:6
- Then David put garrisons in Syria of Damascus: and the Syrians became servants to David, [and] brought gifts. And the LORD preserved David whithersoever he went.
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Commentary for 2 Kings 17:3
2 Kings 17:3 is a verse set within the historical narrative of the Northern Kingdom of Israel, which at this point in the biblical timeline had separated from the Southern Kingdom of Judah. The verse specifically mentions the Assyrian king Shalmaneser, who is traditionally identified as Shalmaneser V, although there is some debate among scholars regarding the identity and the succession of Assyrian kings during this period.
The historical context of this verse is the gradual decline and eventual fall of the Northern Kingdom. Hoshea, the king of Israel at the time, is depicted as seeking an alliance with the Assyrian Empire by becoming a vassal to Shalmaneser. This act of submission involved paying tribute, which is referred to in the verse as "giving presents." Such tributes were common in the ancient Near East as a way for smaller kingdoms to secure protection or avoid military conflict with more powerful empires.
The themes present in this verse include the political instability of Israel, the geopolitical realities of the time that necessitated allegiances with foreign powers, and the beginning of the end for the Northern Kingdom. It also reflects the broader biblical theme of God's people facing consequences for their disobedience and turning away from God, as the nation's leaders resort to foreign alliances rather than relying on divine protection. This verse sets the stage for the eventual Assyrian conquest of Israel and the deportation of its people, events that are seen as fulfilling prophetic warnings against the apostasy of the Northern Kingdom.
*This commentary is produced by Microsoft/WizardLM-2-8x22B AI model
Strong's Numbers and Definitions:
Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)
- Strong's Number: H5927
There are 817 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: עָלָה
Transliteration: ʻâlâh
Pronunciation: aw-law'
Description: a primitive root; to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative; arise (up), (cause to) ascend up, at once, break (the day) (up), bring (up), (cause to) burn, carry up, cast up, [phrase] shew, climb (up), (cause to, make to) come (up), cut off, dawn, depart, exalt, excel, fall, fetch up, get up, (make to) go (away, up); grow (over) increase, lay, leap, levy, lift (self) up, light, (make) up, [idiom] mention, mount up, offer, make to pay, [phrase] perfect, prefer, put (on), raise, recover, restore, (make to) rise (up), scale, set (up), shoot forth (up), (begin to) spring (up), stir up, take away (up), work. - Strong's Number: H8022
There are 2 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: שַׁלְמַנְאֶסֶר
Transliteration: Shalmanʼeçer
Pronunciation: shal-man-eh'-ser
Description: of foreign derivation; Shalmaneser, an Assyrian king; Shalmaneser. Comp שַׁלְמַן. - Strong's Number: H4428
There are 1922 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: מֶלֶךְ
Transliteration: melek
Pronunciation: meh'-lek
Description: from מָלַךְ; a king; king, royal. - Strong's Number: H804
There are 340 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: אַשּׁוּר
Transliteration: ʼAshshûwr
Pronunciation: ash-shoor'
Description: or אַשֻּׁר; apparently from אָשַׁר (in the sense of successful); Ashshur, the second son of Shem; also his descendants and the country occupied by them (i.e. Assyria), its region and its empire; Asshur, Assur, Assyria, Assyrians. See אָשֻׁר. - Strong's Number: H1954
There are 15 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: הוֹשֵׁעַ
Transliteration: Hôwshêaʻ
Pronunciation: ho-shay'-ah
Description: from יָשַׁע; deliverer; Hoshea, the name of five Israelites; Hosea, Hoshea, Oshea. - Strong's Number: H5650
There are 714 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: עֶבֶד
Transliteration: ʻebed
Pronunciation: eh'-bed
Description: from עָבַד; a servant; [idiom] bondage, bondman, (bond-) servant, (man-) servant. - Strong's Number: H7725
There are 952 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: שׁוּב
Transliteration: shûwb
Pronunciation: shoob
Description: a primitive root; to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally to retreat; often adverbial, again; ((break, build, circumcise, dig, do anything, do evil, feed, lay down, lie down, lodge, make, rejoice, send, take, weep)) [idiom] again, (cause to) answer ([phrase] again), [idiom] in any case (wise), [idiom] at all, averse, bring (again, back, home again), call (to mind), carry again (back), cease, [idiom] certainly, come again (back), [idiom] consider, [phrase] continually, convert, deliver (again), [phrase] deny, draw back, fetch home again, [idiom] fro, get (oneself) (back) again, [idiom] give (again), go again (back, home), (go) out, hinder, let, (see) more, [idiom] needs, be past, [idiom] pay, pervert, pull in again, put (again, up again), recall, recompense, recover, refresh, relieve, render (again), requite, rescue, restore, retrieve, (cause to, make to) return, reverse, reward, [phrase] say nay, send back, set again, slide back, still, [idiom] surely, take back (off), (cause to, make to) turn (again, self again, away, back, back again, backward, from, off), withdraw. - Strong's Number: H4503
There are 194 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: מִנְחָה
Transliteration: minchâh
Pronunciation: min-khaw'
Description: from an unused root meaning to apportion, i.e. bestow; a donation; euphemistically, tribute; specifically a sacrificial offering (usually bloodless and voluntary); gift, oblation, (meat) offering, present, sacrifice.