King James Version:
(The Lord speaking is red text)
And Achish said, Whither have ye made a road to day? And David said, Against the south of Judah, and against the south of the Jerahmeelites, and against the south of the Kenites.
Complete Jewish Bible:
Akhish would ask, "Where were you raiding today?" and David would answer, "Against the Negev of Y'hudah," or "Against the Negev of the Yerachme'eli," or "Against the Negev of the Keni."
Berean Standard Bible:
who would ask him, “What have you raided today?” And David would reply, “The Negev of Judah,” or “The Negev of Jerahmeel,” or “The Negev of the Kenites.”
American Standard Version:
And Achish said, Against whom have ye made a raid to-day? And David said, Against the South of Judah, and against the South of the Jerahmeelites, and against the South of the Kenites.
KJV with Strong’s Numbers:
And Achish{H397} said{H559}, Whither{H408} have ye made a road{H6584} to day{H3117}? And David{H1732} said{H559}, Against the south{H5045} of Judah{H3063}, and against the south{H5045} of the Jerahmeelites{H3397}, and against the south{H5045} of the Kenites{H7017}.
Cross-References (KJV):
Judges 1:16
- And the children of the Kenite, Moses' father in law, went up out of the city of palm trees with the children of Judah into the wilderness of Judah, which [lieth] in the south of Arad; and they went and dwelt among the people.
1 Chronicles 2:25
- And the sons of Jerahmeel the firstborn of Hezron were, Ram the firstborn, and Bunah, and Oren, and Ozem, [and] Ahijah.
1 Chronicles 2:9
- The sons also of Hezron, that were born unto him; Jerahmeel, and Ram, and Chelubai.
Galatians 2:11
- ¶ But when Peter was come to Antioch, I withstood him to the face, because he was to be blamed.
Galatians 2:13
- And the other Jews dissembled likewise with him; insomuch that Barnabas also was carried away with their dissimulation.
1 Samuel 30:29
- And to [them] which [were] in Rachal, and to [them] which [were] in the cities of the Jerahmeelites, and to [them] which [were] in the cities of the Kenites,
Judges 4:11
- Now Heber the Kenite, [which was] of the children of Hobab the father in law of Moses, had severed himself from the Kenites, and pitched his tent unto the plain of Zaanaim, which [is] by Kedesh.
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Commentary for 1 Samuel 27:10
1 Samuel 27:10 is a verse set within the broader narrative of David's time as a fugitive, fleeing from King Saul's relentless pursuit. David, fearing for his life, has sought refuge with Achish, the king of the Philistine city of Gath. In this context, David has been living in the Philistine territory, leading a force of men in raids against various groups while cleverly maintaining the appearance of loyalty to Achish.
In 1 Samuel 27:10, Achish inquires about the destination of David's latest military excursion. David responds deceptively, indicating that his forces have attacked the southern regions of Judah, the Jerahmeelites, and the Kenites. Historically, these groups were situated on the margins of the territory controlled by the Israelites and were sometimes considered outsiders or adversaries to the central tribes of Israel.
The themes present in this verse include deception, survival, and the complexities of loyalty and enmity in the ancient world. David's answer is strategically crafted to reinforce his facade as a loyal vassal to Achish, while also masking his true intentions and activities. He skillfully navigates his precarious position by directing his raids away from Israelite territory, sparing his own people while gaining the favor of the Philistines. This verse reflects the harsh realities of political and military strategy in the period, highlighting the moral ambiguities faced by leaders like David as they sought to maintain power and ensure their survival.
*This commentary is produced by Microsoft/WizardLM-2-8x22B AI model
Strong's Numbers and Definitions:
Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)
- Strong's Number: H397
There are 138 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: אֲכִישׁ
Transliteration: ʼĂkîysh
Pronunciation: aw-keesh'
Description: of uncertain derivation; Akish, a Philistine king; Achish. - Strong's Number: H559
There are 4434 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: אָמַר
Transliteration: ʼâmar
Pronunciation: aw-mar'
Description: a primitive root; to say (used with great latitude); answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, [phrase] (at the, give) command(-ment), commune, consider, declare, demand, [idiom] desire, determine, [idiom] expressly, [idiom] indeed, [idiom] intend, name, [idiom] plainly, promise, publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), [idiom] still, [idiom] suppose, talk, tell, term, [idiom] that is, [idiom] think, use (speech), utter, [idiom] verily, [idiom] yet. - Strong's Number: H408
There are 131 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: אַל
Transliteration: ʼal
Pronunciation: al
Description: a negative particle (akin to לֹא); not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (Job 24:25) as a noun, nothing; nay, neither, [phrase] never, no, nor, not, nothing (worth), rather than. - Strong's Number: H6584
There are 42 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: פָּשַׁט
Transliteration: pâshaṭ
Pronunciation: paw-shat'
Description: a primitive root; to spread out (i.e. deploy in hostile array); by analogy, to strip (i.e. unclothe, plunder, flay, etc.); fall upon, flay, invade, make an invasion, pull off, put off, make a road, run upon, rush, set, spoil, spread selves (abroad), strip (off, self). - Strong's Number: H3117
There are 1931 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: יוֹם
Transliteration: yôwm
Pronunciation: yome
Description: from an unused root meaning to be hot; a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb); age, [phrase] always, [phrase] chronicals, continually(-ance), daily, ((birth-), each, to) day, (now a, two) days (agone), [phrase] elder, [idiom] end, [phrase] evening, [phrase] (for) ever(-lasting, -more), [idiom] full, life, as (so) long as (... live), (even) now, [phrase] old, [phrase] outlived, [phrase] perpetually, presently, [phrase] remaineth, [idiom] required, season, [idiom] since, space, then, (process of) time, [phrase] as at other times, [phrase] in trouble, weather, (as) when, (a, the, within a) while (that), [idiom] whole ([phrase] age), (full) year(-ly), [phrase] younger. - Strong's Number: H1732
There are 911 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: דָּוִד
Transliteration: Dâvid
Pronunciation: daw-veed'
Description: rarely (fully); דָּוִיד; from the same as דּוֹד; loving; David, the youngest son of Jesse; David. - Strong's Number: H5045
There are 98 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: נֶגֶב
Transliteration: negeb
Pronunciation: neh'-gheb
Description: from an unused root meaning to be parched; the south (from its drought); specifically, the Negeb or southern district of Judah, occasionally, Egypt (as south to Palestine); south (country, side, -ward). - Strong's Number: H3063
There are 754 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: יְהוּדָה
Transliteration: Yᵉhûwdâh
Pronunciation: yeh-hoo-daw'
Description: from יָדָה; celebrated; Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory; Judah. - Strong's Number: H3397
There are 2 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: יְרַחְמְאֵלִי
Transliteration: Yᵉrachmᵉʼêlîy
Pronunciation: yer-akh-meh-ay-lee'
Description: patronymically from יְרַחְמְאֵל; a Jerachmeelite or descendant of Jerachmeel; Jerahmeelites. - Strong's Number: H7017
There are 10 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: קֵינִי
Transliteration: Qêynîy
Pronunciation: kay-nee'
Description: or קִינִי; (1 Chronicles 2:55), patronymic from קַיִן; a Kenite or member of the tribe of Kajin; Kenite.