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Romans 11:34

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For who hath known the mind of the Lord? or who hath been his counsellor?

For {G1063} who {G5101} hath known {G1097} the mind {G3563} of the Lord {G2962}? or {G2228} who {G5101} hath been {G1096} his {G846} counsellor {G4825}?

For, ‘Who has known the mind of the Lord?
Who has been his counselor?’

“Who has known the mind of the Lord? Or who has been His counselor?”

For who hath known the mind of the Lord? or who hath been his counsellor?

Commentary

Romans 11:34 KJV is a profound rhetorical question that forms part of Paul's majestic doxology (verses 33-36) concluding his intricate discussion on God's sovereign plan for Israel and the Gentiles. This verse underscores the infinite wisdom and unsearchable ways of God, contrasting them sharply with the limitations of human understanding.

Context

This verse comes at the climax of a complex theological argument in Romans chapters 9-11, where the Apostle Paul grapples with the question of God's faithfulness to Israel despite their widespread rejection of Jesus as the Messiah. Paul explains that God has not permanently cast away His people, but has allowed a partial hardening to bring salvation to the Gentiles, ultimately intending to bring all Israel to repentance (see Romans 11:25-26). After unfolding this profound mystery of God's redemptive history, Paul breaks into a hymn of praise, beginning with Romans 11:33, acknowledging the depth of God's wisdom and knowledge.

Key Themes

  • Divine Incomprehensibility and Sovereignty: The primary message is that God's mind, His thoughts, and His plans are utterly beyond human comprehension. He is not subject to human reasoning or advice. His ways are higher than our ways, and His thoughts than our thoughts, as echoed in Isaiah 55:8-9.
  • God's Perfect Wisdom: The question "who hath been his counsellor?" highlights that God requires no counsel or guidance from anyone. He is the source of all wisdom and knowledge, acting according to His own perfect will.
  • Human Limitation and Humility: The verse implicitly teaches humility. Humans, with their finite understanding, cannot grasp the infinite depth of God's wisdom or presume to advise Him. This should lead to reverence and worship rather than intellectual arrogance.

Linguistic Insights

The Greek phrase for "mind of the Lord" is nous Kyriou, referring to the intellect, understanding, and inner thoughts of God. The term "counsellor" is from the Greek symboulos, meaning an advisor or one who gives counsel. The rhetorical questions powerfully convey that no created being possesses the capacity or authority to advise the Almighty God, nor can they fully fathom His infinite wisdom and intricate plans.

Practical Application

Romans 11:34 calls believers to a posture of humble trust and adoration. When faced with life's mysteries, or when God's actions seem perplexing, this verse reminds us that His plan is perfect and beyond our full understanding. It encourages us to:

  • Trust God's Wisdom: Even when we don't understand His ways, we can rely on His perfect knowledge and counsel.
  • Cultivate Humility: Recognize our intellectual limitations before the infinite God, avoiding the temptation to question or critique His divine wisdom.
  • Embrace Worship: The appropriate response to God's incomprehensible greatness is not doubt, but profound praise and worship, as seen in Paul's own outburst of adoration in the verses immediately following (Romans 11:36).
Note: If the commentary doesn’t appear instantly, please allow 2–5 seconds for it to load. It is generated by Gemini 2.5 Flash (May 20, 2025) using a prompt focused on Biblical fidelity over bias. While the insights have been consistently reliable, we encourage prayerful discernment through the Holy Spirit.

Please note that only the commentary section is AI-generated — the main Scripture and cross-references are stored on the site and are from trusted and verified sources.

Cross-References

  • Isaiah 40:13 (23 votes)

    Who hath directed the Spirit of the LORD, or [being] his counsellor hath taught him?

  • 1 Corinthians 2:16 (19 votes)

    For who hath known the mind of the Lord, that he may instruct him? But we have the mind of Christ.

  • Job 15:8 (12 votes)

    Hast thou heard the secret of God? and dost thou restrain wisdom to thyself?

  • Job 36:22 (8 votes)

    Behold, God exalteth by his power: who teacheth like him?

  • Jeremiah 23:18 (6 votes)

    For who hath stood in the counsel of the LORD, and hath perceived and heard his word? who hath marked his word, and heard [it]?