Psalms 80:10

The hills were covered with the shadow of it, and the boughs thereof [were like] the goodly cedars.

The hills {H2022} were covered {H3680}{H8795)} with the shadow {H6738} of it, and the boughs {H6057} thereof were like the goodly {H410} cedars {H730}.

The mountains were covered with its shade, the mighty cedars with its branches;

The mountains were covered by its shade, and the mighty cedars with its branches.

The mountains were covered with the shadow of it, And the boughs thereof were like cedars of God.

Commentary

Psalm 80:10, part of a communal lament and prayer for restoration by Asaph, vividly describes the former glory and expansive reach of God's chosen people, Israel, symbolized as a flourishing vine.

Context

Psalm 80 is a fervent prayer to God (often addressed as "Shepherd of Israel") to restore His people from their distress and apparent abandonment. The psalm uses the powerful metaphor of a vine, which God brought out of Egypt and planted in Canaan (Psalm 80:8). This "vine" represents the nation of Israel. Verses 9 and 10 recall a time when this vine thrived under God's care, extending its branches far and wide, before its current state of desolation.

Key Themes

  • Divine Blessing and Growth: The imagery of the vine's shadow covering the hills and its boughs resembling "goodly cedars" illustrates the immense blessing and prosperity God bestowed upon Israel in its prime. This speaks to a period of great national strength and influence, when Godโ€™s favor was evident.
  • Majesty and Strength: The comparison to "goodly cedars" (often understood as the Cedars of Lebanon, renowned for their height, durability, and majesty) emphasizes the robust and majestic nature of Israel when it was firmly rooted in God's covenant. These trees are symbols of enduring power and beauty, suggesting Israel's past glory and stability. Psalm 92:12 also uses the cedar as a symbol of flourishing righteousness.
  • Expansive Influence: The vine's shadow covering the hills implies a vast territory and wide-reaching influence. This metaphor highlights Israel's historical expansion and dominance during periods of obedience to God, demonstrating the extent of His protective hand and provision.

Linguistic Insights

The phrase "goodly cedars" translates the Hebrew 'arze el (ืึฒืจึฐื–ึตื™ ืึตืœ), which literally means "cedars of God" or "mighty cedars." The use of "el" (God) here is an intensifier, signifying supreme quality, size, or majesty, rather than divine ownership. Thus, it refers to the most magnificent and imposing cedars, emphasizing the extraordinary strength and grandeur of the vine's branches.

Related Scriptures

The metaphor of Israel as a vine is prominent throughout the Old Testament, reflecting God's intimate relationship and care for His people. For example, Isaiah 5:7 describes Israel as the Lord's vineyard. This imagery is later picked up in the New Testament by Jesus, who identifies Himself as the true vine, with believers as the branches, shifting the focus from national Israel to a spiritual community.

Practical Application

For believers today, Psalm 80:10 serves as a powerful reminder of God's capacity to bless and cause His people to flourish. It encourages us to reflect on times when God has shown His favor and strength in our lives or in the church. It also underscores the importance of remaining connected to the true vine, Jesus Christ, for spiritual growth and fruitfulness. Just as the ancient Israelites experienced periods of great blessing, we too can expect God's provision and strength when we walk in His ways, trusting in His restorative power even amidst challenges.

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Cross-References

  • Psalms 104:16 (1 votes)

    The trees of the LORD are full [of sap]; the cedars of Lebanon, which he hath planted;