Leviticus 25:17

Leviticus 25:17 KJV: "Ye shall not therefore oppress one another; but thou shalt fear thy God: for I [am] the LORD your God."

Context

Leviticus 25 details God's laws for the people of Israel concerning the Sabbatical Year (every seventh year) and the Year of Jubilee (every fiftieth year). These unique economic and social regulations were designed to prevent the perpetual accumulation of wealth by a few, ensure fair land distribution, and remind the Israelites that the land ultimately belonged to God (Leviticus 25:23). Verse 17 serves as a crucial ethical principle within this framework, specifically addressing the potential for exploitation in land sales or other transactions that might occur between Jubilee years. It warns against taking advantage of another's misfortune or ignorance regarding these divine laws.

Key Themes

• Prohibition of Oppression: The primary command is a clear prohibition against defrauding, exploiting, or taking advantage of a fellow Israelite. In the economic context of Leviticus 25, this specifically means not manipulating prices or terms for land and property based on the approaching Jubilee, but it extends to any form of injustice or unfair dealing. This underscores God's desire for a just and equitable society where no one is unduly burdened or impoverished by the actions of another.
• The Fear of God as Motivation: The injunction "but thou shalt fear thy God" provides the foundational reason for avoiding oppression. This "fear" (Hebrew: yare) is not terror, but a profound reverence, awe, and respect for God's character, holiness, and commands. It implies a deep understanding that God sees all actions and holds His people accountable, motivating them to live righteously and treat others fairly. As Proverbs 9:10 states, the fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom.
• Divine Authority and Identity: The concluding phrase, "for I [am] the LORD your God," serves as the ultimate justification and enforcement of the command. It reminds Israel of God's sovereign authority and His covenant relationship with them. This declaration underscores that obedience is not merely for social harmony but is an act of acknowledging who God is—their deliverer, provider, and the ultimate judge who expects justice and righteousness from His people. This echoes God's self-revelation, as seen in Exodus 3:14.

Linguistic Insights

The Hebrew word translated "oppress" in this verse is yakan or yanah, which conveys the meaning of afflicting, defrauding, dealing treacherously with, or causing grief. It specifically refers to actions that unjustly burden or exploit another person, often through economic means or dishonest dealings. It emphasizes the active infliction of harm or disadvantage upon someone.

Practical Application

Leviticus 25:17 holds enduring relevance for believers today, calling for ethical conduct and a God-centered approach to all relationships:

• Ethical Business and Financial Dealings: The verse challenges us to conduct all our transactions with integrity, avoiding any form of exploitation, deceit, or unfair advantage over others. This applies to employers, employees, buyers, sellers, and anyone involved in economic interactions. It advocates for social justice and fair treatment for the vulnerable in society.
• Reverence Guiding Action: Our actions towards others are ultimately an expression of our reverence for God. A true "fear of God" compels us to live righteously, knowing that He observes our hearts and deeds and desires justice and compassion for all.
• Community Responsibility: This command encourages the fostering of a community where mutual respect and care prevent individuals from being taken advantage of. It reminds us that our personal ethics contribute to the overall well-being and righteousness of the collective, reflecting God's own character of justice and compassion.