Judges 15:20

Commentary on Judges 15:20 (KJV)

"And he judged Israel in the days of the Philistines twenty years."

Context

This concise verse serves as a crucial summary statement, concluding the narrative of Samson's initial exploits and formally introducing the duration of his leadership. Following a series of dramatic encounters with the Philistines—including his marriage, riddle, revenge involving foxes, and the miraculous defeat of a thousand Philistines with a jawbone—this verse marks the formal beginning of Samson's twenty-year judgeship. The book of Judges chronicles a cyclical pattern of Israel's disobedience, oppression by foreign powers, their cry to God, and God raising up a "judge" or deliverer. Samson's era is characterized by intense and prolonged Philistine oppression, a major theme throughout his story.

Key Themes and Messages

• Samson's Role as Judge: This verse explicitly states Samson's role, not merely as a warrior, but as a divinely appointed judge over Israel. His actions, though often driven by personal vendettas, were part of God's larger plan to begin Israel's deliverance from the Philistines.
• The Duration of Leadership: The "twenty years" signifies a significant period of time during which Samson served in this capacity, even if his leadership style was unconventional compared to other judges. This period highlights God's sustained patience with Israel and His continued use of imperfect individuals.
• Persistent Philistine Threat: The phrase "in the days of the Philistines" underscores the constant and pervasive threat posed by this powerful enemy throughout Samson's judgeship. It emphasizes the difficult circumstances under which he operated and the ongoing struggle for Israel's sovereignty.
• God's Sovereignty Despite Flaws: Samson's personal weaknesses and moral compromises are evident throughout his narrative. Yet, this verse confirms that God still used him as a leader for two decades, demonstrating divine sovereignty and the ability to work through flawed human instruments.

Linguistic Insights

The Hebrew word for "judged" is shaphat (שָׁפַט). This term implies more than just legal arbitration; it encompasses leading, delivering, governing, and administering justice. Thus, Samson's role was not merely to settle disputes but to lead Israel, particularly in their resistance against the Philistines, fulfilling the prophetic word concerning him as a deliverer. The phrase "in the days of the Philistines" is an idiomatic expression highlighting the dominant foreign power during that specific historical era.

Practical Application

Judges 15:20 reminds believers that God's plans and purposes often unfold amidst challenging circumstances and through imperfect people. Samson's story, culminating in this verse, teaches us:

• God Uses Imperfect Vessels: Just as God used Samson, despite his personal flaws and impulsive nature, He can use anyone willing to be an instrument in His hands. This offers encouragement that our weaknesses do not disqualify us from divine service.
• Understanding Historical Context: The phrase "in the days of the Philistines" highlights the importance of understanding the historical and cultural backdrop of biblical narratives. It helps us appreciate the constant struggle and the divine intervention that characterized this period of Israel's history.
• God's Patience and Providence: The twenty-year duration points to God's enduring patience with His people and His providential care, even when they stray. He continually raises up leaders to guide and protect them, as seen with other judges like Gideon or Deborah.