John 18:35

Pilate answered, Am I a Jew? Thine own nation and the chief priests have delivered thee unto me: what hast thou done?

Pilate {G4091} answered {G611},{G3385} Am {G1510} I {G1473} a Jew {G2453}? Thine own {G4674} nation {G1484} and {G2532} the chief priests {G749} have delivered {G3860} thee {G4571} unto me {G1698}: what {G5101} hast thou done {G4160}?

Pilate replied, “Am I a Jew? Your own nation and head cohanim have handed you over to me; what have you done?”

“Am I a Jew?” Pilate replied. “Your own people and chief priests handed You over to me. What have You done?”

Pilate answered, Am I a Jew? Thine own nation and the chief priests delivered thee unto me: what hast thou done?

Commentary

Context

This verse is a pivotal moment in the narrative of Jesus' trial before Pontius Pilate, the Roman governor of Judea. The Jewish religious authorities, having condemned Jesus in their own court, lacked the authority to execute Him, and therefore brought Him before Pilate on charges they knew would resonate with Roman law – primarily, the accusation of being a rival king to Caesar. Pilate's question in John 18:33, "Art thou the King of the Jews?", prompted Jesus to ask if Pilate initiated this question or if others informed him. John 18:35 is Pilate's somewhat exasperated response, indicating his detachment from the Jewish internal religious disputes and his awareness that the charges originated from Jesus' own people.

Key Themes and Messages

  • Pilate's Detachment and Indifference: Pilate's rhetorical question, "Am I a Jew?", immediately establishes his Roman identity and his disinterest in the theological or internal political squabbles of the Jewish people. He views himself as an arbiter of Roman law, not Jewish custom or religious doctrine.
  • The Source of the Accusation: Pilate explicitly states that "Thine own nation and the chief priests have delivered thee unto me." This highlights the Jewish leadership's central role in bringing Jesus to Roman judgment, underscoring their determination to have Him condemned and executed. It also subtly attempts to shift the burden of responsibility away from Pilate himself.
  • The Nature of the Charges: Pilate's final question, "what hast thou done?", reveals his focus on a tangible crime from a Roman legal perspective. He is looking for a political offense, not a religious one, which the Jewish leaders carefully crafted to ensure Roman intervention.
  • The Clash of Kingdoms: This verse sets the stage for the crucial discussion that follows in John 18:36, where Jesus clarifies that "My kingdom is not of this world." Pilate's worldly perspective and concern for political stability contrast sharply with Jesus' spiritual authority.

Linguistic Insights

The Greek word for "delivered" or "handed over" is paredōkan (παρέδωκαν), which is a common term used throughout the New Testament to describe the betrayal and subsequent arrest and handing over of Jesus by various parties, from Judas Iscariot to the Jewish authorities, and finally to Pilate. It emphasizes the active role of those who sought Jesus' condemnation.

Practical Application

John 18:35 offers several contemporary reflections:

  • The Danger of Shifting Blame: Pilate's immediate reaction is to deflect responsibility, highlighting a common human tendency to avoid accountability for difficult decisions or uncomfortable truths.
  • Understanding True Authority: The scene contrasts the worldly power and authority wielded by Pilate and the Jewish leaders with the spiritual authority and truth embodied by Jesus. It prompts us to consider where our ultimate allegiance lies and what kind of "kingdom" we prioritize.
  • The Nature of Accusation: The verse reminds us that accusations can often be rooted in prejudice, political maneuvering, or fear, rather than genuine justice. It encourages critical examination of the source and motive behind claims, especially those directed against truth or innocence.
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Cross-References

  • Ezra 4:12 (2 votes)

    Be it known unto the king, that the Jews which came up from thee to us are come unto Jerusalem, building the rebellious and the bad city, and have set up the walls [thereof], and joined the foundations.

  • Acts 22:22 (2 votes)

    ¶ And they gave him audience unto this word, and [then] lifted up their voices, and said, Away with such a [fellow] from the earth: for it is not fit that he should live.

  • Acts 22:24 (2 votes)

    The chief captain commanded him to be brought into the castle, and bade that he should be examined by scourging; that he might know wherefore they cried so against him.

  • Acts 25:19 (2 votes)

    But had certain questions against him of their own superstition, and of one Jesus, which was dead, whom Paul affirmed to be alive.

  • Acts 25:20 (2 votes)

    And because I doubted of such manner of questions, I asked [him] whether he would go to Jerusalem, and there be judged of these matters.

  • Acts 21:38 (2 votes)

    Art not thou that Egyptian, which before these days madest an uproar, and leddest out into the wilderness four thousand men that were murderers?

  • John 19:11 (2 votes)

    Jesus answered, Thou couldest have no power [at all] against me, except it were given thee from above: therefore he that delivered me unto thee hath the greater sin.