Jeremiah 11:10

They are turned back to the iniquities of their forefathers, which refused to hear my words; and they went after other gods to serve them: the house of Israel and the house of Judah have broken my covenant which I made with their fathers.

They are turned back {H7725} to the iniquities {H5771} of their forefathers {H7223}{H1}, which refused {H3985} to hear {H8085} my words {H1697}; and they went {H1980} after {H310} other {H312} gods {H430} to serve {H5647} them: the house {H1004} of Israel {H3478} and the house {H1004} of Judah {H3063} have broken {H6565} my covenant {H1285} which I made {H3772} with their fathers {H1}.

They have returned to the sins of their ancestors, who refused to hear my words, and they have gone after other gods to serve them. The house of Isra'el and the house of Y'hudah have broken my covenant which I made with their ancestors."

They have returned to the sins of their forefathers who refused to obey My words. They have followed other gods to serve them. The house of Israel and the house of Judah have broken the covenant I made with their fathers.

They are turned back to the iniquities of their forefathers, who refused to hear my words; and they are gone after other gods to serve them: the house of Israel and the house of Judah have broken my covenant which I made with their fathers.

Commentary

Context of Jeremiah 11:10

Jeremiah 11:10 is part of a significant prophetic message delivered by Jeremiah, often called the "weeping prophet," during a tumultuous period in Judah's history, just before the Babylonian exile. This chapter specifically details God's charges against Judah for their unfaithfulness and idolatry, highlighting a broken covenant. God had commanded Jeremiah to proclaim the terms of this covenant, reminding the people of their ancestral promises and their current rebellion.

Key Themes and Messages

  • A Return to Ancestral Sins: The verse emphasizes that the people of Judah and Israel have not just committed new sins, but have "turned back to the iniquities of their forefathers." This indicates a recurring pattern of disobedience and a failure to learn from history, echoing the rebellious cycles seen throughout the history of Israel, as described in books like Judges.
  • Willful Disobedience and Idolatry: The phrase "refused to hear my words" points to a deliberate rejection of divine instruction, not merely ignorance. This refusal directly led them to "go after other gods to serve them," committing idolatry, which was a direct violation of the first commandments given at Mount Sinai.
  • Broken Covenant: The core accusation is that "the house of Israel and the house of Judah have broken my covenant which I made with their fathers." This refers to the Mosaic Covenant, established with the Israelites at Sinai (Exodus 24), which promised blessings for obedience and curses for disobedience (Deuteronomy 28). The breaking of this covenant signifies a profound betrayal of their relationship with God.

Linguistic Insights

The Hebrew word for "covenant" is berith (ื‘ึฐึผืจึดื™ืช), which implies a solemn, binding agreement, often sealed with oaths and sometimes with blood. When God says "my covenant," it underscores His initiative and faithfulness in establishing the relationship, making the people's breach of it even more grievous. The phrase "refused to hear" (ืžึตืึฒื ื•ึผ ืœึดืฉึฐืืžึนืขึท, me'anu lishmo'a) conveys a strong sense of obstinacy and defiance, rather than a simple inability to comprehend.

Historical and Cultural Context

Historically, the "house of Israel" refers to the Northern Kingdom, which had already fallen to Assyria in 722 BC due to its persistent idolatry and disobedience. The "house of Judah" was the Southern Kingdom, to which Jeremiah prophesied, facing imminent destruction by Babylon. The verse highlights that Judah was repeating the very sins that led to Israel's downfall, despite having the benefit of their history as a warning. The worship of "other gods," such as Baal and Asherah, was prevalent, often involving pagan rituals and child sacrifice, deeply corrupting the nation's spiritual life.

Practical Application

Jeremiah 11:10 serves as a timeless warning about the dangers of spiritual complacency and the repetition of past mistakes. For believers today, it underscores:

  • The Importance of Heeding God's Word: Like ancient Israel, we are called to actively listen to and obey God's commands. A failure to do so can lead to spiritual decline and broken fellowship with God.
  • Learning from History: The sins of previous generations or even our own past failures should serve as lessons, not patterns to repeat. Understanding the consequences of disobedience can guide us toward faithfulness.
  • Faithfulness to Our Covenant: While the Mosaic Covenant was specific to ancient Israel, believers today are part of a New Covenant through Christ. This verse reminds us of the seriousness of our commitment to God and the call to live in accordance with His will, avoiding the idols of our age (e.g., materialism, self-worship, worldly pursuits) that can draw our hearts away from Him.
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Cross-References

  • Deuteronomy 31:16 (6 votes)

    And the LORD said unto Moses, Behold, thou shalt sleep with thy fathers; and this people will rise up, and go a whoring after the gods of the strangers of the land, whither they go [to be] among them, and will forsake me, and break my covenant which I have made with them.

  • Ezekiel 16:59 (5 votes)

    For thus saith the Lord GOD; I will even deal with thee as thou hast done, which hast despised the oath in breaking the covenant.

  • Judges 2:12 (4 votes)

    And they forsook the LORD God of their fathers, which brought them out of the land of Egypt, and followed other gods, of the gods of the people that [were] round about them, and bowed themselves unto them, and provoked the LORD to anger.

  • Judges 2:13 (4 votes)

    And they forsook the LORD, and served Baal and Ashtaroth.

  • 1 Samuel 15:11 (4 votes)

    It repenteth me that I have set up Saul [to be] king: for he is turned back from following me, and hath not performed my commandments. And it grieved Samuel; and he cried unto the LORD all night.

  • Judges 2:17 (4 votes)

    And yet they would not hearken unto their judges, but they went a whoring after other gods, and bowed themselves unto them: they turned quickly out of the way which their fathers walked in, obeying the commandments of the LORD; [but] they did not so.

  • Psalms 78:8 (4 votes)

    And might not be as their fathers, a stubborn and rebellious generation; a generation [that] set not their heart aright, and whose spirit was not stedfast with God.