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Hosea 11:8

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¶ How shall I give thee up, Ephraim? [how] shall I deliver thee, Israel? how shall I make thee as Admah? [how] shall I set thee as Zeboim? mine heart is turned within me, my repentings are kindled together.

How shall I give thee up {H5414}, Ephraim {H669}? how shall I deliver {H4042} thee, Israel {H3478}? how shall I make {H5414} thee as Admah {H126}? how shall I set {H7760} thee as Zeboim {H6636}? mine heart {H3820} is turned {H2015} within me, my repentings {H5150} are kindled {H3648} together {H3162}.

Efrayim, how can I give you up, or surrender you, Isra'el? How could I treat you like Admah or make you like Tzvoyim? My heart recoils at the idea, as compassion warms within me.

How could I give you up, O Ephraim? How could I surrender you, O Israel? How could I make you like Admah? How could I treat you like Zeboiim? My heart is turned within Me; My compassion is stirred!

How shall I give thee up, Ephraim? how shall I cast thee off, Israel? how shall I make thee as Admah? how shall I set thee as Zeboiim? my heart is turned within me, my compassions are kindled together.

Commentary

Hosea 11:8 (KJV): "¶ How shall I give thee up, Ephraim? [how] shall I deliver thee, Israel? how shall I make thee as Admah? [how] shall I set thee as Zeboim? mine heart is turned within me, my repentings are kindled together."

Context of Hosea 11:8

Hosea, often called the "prophet of divine love," delivers God's message to the northern kingdom of Israel (frequently referred to as Ephraim, its dominant tribe) during a period of profound spiritual decline and political instability. Despite God's steadfast love and covenant faithfulness, Israel had repeatedly turned to idolatry and sought alliances with foreign nations rather than relying on Him. Chapters 10 and 11 detail God's past care for Israel and their subsequent rebellion, leading to the impending judgment of exile. Verse 8 captures a poignant moment where God's righteous anger and impending judgment clash with His deep, paternal love for His people. It reveals God's internal struggle over the necessity of discipline versus His profound desire for their restoration.

Key Themes and Messages

  • Divine Dilemma: Justice vs. Mercy: This verse is a profound expression of God's internal conflict. On one hand, His justice demands judgment for Israel's persistent sin and breaking of the covenant. On the other, His boundless love and compassion yearn for their reconciliation and preservation. This tension highlights the complexity of God's character.
  • God's Unwavering Love: Despite Israel's unfaithfulness, God's question, "How shall I give thee up...?" underscores His deep, personal affection and reluctance to abandon them. It speaks to a love that transcends their rebellion, a theme echoed throughout Hosea's prophecy and the entire Bible.
  • The Consequence of Sin: The mention of Admah and Zeboim (cities destroyed along with Sodom and Gomorrah in Genesis 19 for their wickedness) serves as a stark reminder of the severity of God's judgment against profound sin. God considers treating Israel similarly, but His heart is swayed by mercy.
  • God's Compassionate "Repentance": The phrase "mine heart is turned within me, my repentings are kindled together" indicates a profound shift in God's immediate disposition towards judgment, moved by compassion. This is not a change in His perfect character, but a change in His action towards His people, demonstrating His willingness to extend grace even when judgment is deserved.

Linguistic Insights

The Hebrew word for "give thee up" ('eṯṯenḵā) and "deliver thee" ('amgenneḵā) convey a sense of abandonment or handing over to destruction. The repeated rhetorical question, "How shall I...?" emphasizes God's deep reluctance and emotional turmoil.

The phrase "mine heart is turned within me" (nehpakh libbi 'ālay) vividly portrays God's internal anguish and profound emotional shift. It suggests a churning, a turning over of deep emotion.

Perhaps the most significant phrase is "my repentings are kindled together" (nikhmᵉrû nîḥumay yaḥaḏ). The Hebrew word nacham (נחם), often translated as "repent," when applied to God, signifies a deep sorrow, a change of mind, or a profound compassion that leads to a change in His intended course of action or a relenting from a threatened judgment. It does not imply moral failing on God's part but rather a manifestation of His mercy triumphing over strict justice, as seen in James 2:13.

Practical Application

  • God's Enduring Love for Humanity: This verse beautifully illustrates God's steadfast love (hesed) for His people, even in their rebellion. It reminds us that His love is not conditional on our perfect obedience but is rooted in His very nature.
  • Hope for the Wayward: For those who have strayed from God, Hosea 11:8 offers immense hope. It shows that God desires reconciliation more than judgment and that His heart is always open to those who return to Him.
  • Understanding God's Character: This passage deepens our understanding of God as a being of immense compassion and mercy, not just strict justice. He is not a distant, uncaring deity but one who is deeply invested in the well-being and salvation of His creation.
Note: If the commentary doesn’t appear instantly, please allow 2–5 seconds for it to load. It is generated by Gemini 2.5 Flash (May 20, 2025) using a prompt focused on Biblical fidelity over bias. While the insights have been consistently reliable, we encourage prayerful discernment through the Holy Spirit.

Please note that only the commentary section is AI-generated — the main Scripture and cross-references are stored on the site and are from trusted and verified sources.

Cross-References

  • Jeremiah 31:20 (9 votes)

    [Is] Ephraim my dear son? [is he] a pleasant child? for since I spake against him, I do earnestly remember him still: therefore my bowels are troubled for him; I will surely have mercy upon him, saith the LORD.

  • Hosea 6:4 (7 votes)

    ¶ O Ephraim, what shall I do unto thee? O Judah, what shall I do unto thee? for your goodness [is] as a morning cloud, and as the early dew it goeth away.

  • Matthew 23:37 (7 votes)

    O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, [thou] that killest the prophets, and stonest them which are sent unto thee, how often would I have gathered thy children together, even as a hen gathereth her chickens under [her] wings, and ye would not!

  • Deuteronomy 32:36 (5 votes)

    For the LORD shall judge his people, and repent himself for his servants, when he seeth that [their] power is gone, and [there is] none shut up, or left.

  • Deuteronomy 29:23 (5 votes)

    [And that] the whole land thereof [is] brimstone, and salt, [and] burning, [that] it is not sown, nor beareth, nor any grass groweth therein, like the overthrow of Sodom, and Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboim, which the LORD overthrew in his anger, and in his wrath:

  • Genesis 14:8 (3 votes)

    And there went out the king of Sodom, and the king of Gomorrah, and the king of Admah, and the king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela (the same [is] Zoar;) and they joined battle with them in the vale of Siddim;

  • Genesis 19:24 (3 votes)

    ¶ Then the LORD rained upon Sodom and upon Gomorrah brimstone and fire from the LORD out of heaven;