Genesis 36:21

And Dishon, and Ezer, and Dishan: these [are] the dukes of the Horites, the children of Seir in the land of Edom.

And Dishon {H1787}, and Ezer {H687}, and Dishan {H1789}: these are the dukes {H441} of the Horites {H2752}, the children {H1121} of Seir {H8165} in the land {H776} of Edom {H123}.

Dishon, Etzer and Dishan. They were the chieftains descended from the Hori, the people of Se'ir in the land of Edom.

Dishon, Ezer, and Dishan. They are the chiefs of the Horites, the descendants of Seir in the land of Edom.

and Dishon and Ezer and Dishan: these are the chiefs that came of the Horites, the children of Seir in the land of Edom.

Commentary

Commentary on Genesis 36:21 (KJV)

Genesis 36:21 is part of a detailed genealogical record focusing on the descendants of Esau, also known as Edom. This chapter serves to document the lineage, rulers, and territories associated with the Edomites. Verse 21 specifically lists three individuals – Dishon, Ezer, and Dishan – identifying them as "dukes of the Horites," who were the original inhabitants of the region later known as Edom or Seir.

Context

Chapter 36 of Genesis is primarily a list of Esau's family and the chiefs/kings who ruled in the land of Edom. Before focusing solely on Esau's descendants as rulers, the chapter acknowledges the presence of the Horites, descendants of Seir, who lived in the land prior to the Edomite settlement and dominance. Verse 20 introduces Seir the Horite and his sons, and subsequent verses, including verse 21, list their prominent leaders or "dukes." This sets the stage for understanding the demographic and political landscape of the region before the full establishment of the kingdom of Edom.

Key Themes

  • Genealogy and Historical Record: The verse contributes to the detailed historical account of the early nations, highlighting the different peoples who inhabited the land of Seir.
  • Original Inhabitants: It specifically names leaders among the Horites, emphasizing their presence and leadership in the land before the rise of the Edomites.
  • Land Ownership and Transition: While brief, this mention provides crucial background for later biblical accounts that describe the displacement of the Horites by the descendants of Esau.

Linguistic Insights

The word translated as "dukes" in the King James Version is the Hebrew term 'alluph. This term is used specifically in Genesis 36 and later in Zechariah to refer to leaders or chiefs, particularly among the Edomites and, as seen here, the Horites. It signifies a tribal or clan leader rather than a monarchical king (a term used later in the chapter for Edomite rulers who reigned before any king reigned over the children of Israel).

Related Scriptures

This verse connects with other passages that mention the Horites and their relationship with the Edomites. For instance, Deuteronomy 2:12 explicitly states that the descendants of Esau dispossessed the Horites and dwelt in their stead, much like Israel did in the land of their possession.

Reflection and Application

While a list of names might seem insignificant, this verse reminds us of God's meticulous attention to detail in recording history. Genealogies and records like this chapter underscore the reality of God's sovereignty over nations and territories, showing how different peoples inhabited lands according to His plan and timing. It highlights that even seemingly minor groups and transitions are part of the larger narrative of God's providence and the eventual fulfillment of His promises regarding the land.

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Cross-References

No cross-references found.