Exodus 28:11

With the work of an engraver in stone, [like] the engravings of a signet, shalt thou engrave the two stones with the names of the children of Israel: thou shalt make them to be set in ouches of gold.

With the work {H4639} of an engraver {H2796} in stone {H68}, like the engravings {H6603} of a signet {H2368}, shalt thou engrave {H6605} the two {H8147} stones {H68} with the names {H8034} of the children {H1121} of Israel {H3478}: thou shalt make {H6213} them to be set {H4142} in ouches {H4865} of gold {H2091}.

An engraver should engrave the names of the sons of Isra'el on the two stones as he would engrave a seal. Mount the stones in gold settings,

Engrave the names of the sons of Israel on the two stones the way a gem cutter engraves a seal. Then mount the stones in gold filigree settings.

With the work of an engraver in stone, like the engravings of a signet, shalt thou engrave the two stones, according to the names of the children of Israel: thou shalt make them to be inclosed in settings of gold.

Commentary

Context of Exodus 28:11

Exodus 28:11 is part of a detailed divine instruction to Moses concerning the garments of Aaron, the first High Priest of Israel. Specifically, it describes the engraving of two onyx stones that were to be placed on the shoulders of the ephod, a central piece of the priestly attire. These stones were not merely decorative but held profound symbolic significance for the High Priest's ephod. This passage underscores God's meticulous design for worship and the sacred duties of the priesthood, ensuring that every element of the tabernacle service pointed to divine order and purpose.

Key Themes and Messages

  • Divine Representation: The most significant aspect is that the names of the twelve tribes of Israel were to be engraved on these stones. When Aaron stood before God, he literally bore the names of the entire nation on his shoulders, symbolizing his role as their representative and intercessor. This highlights God's desire for His people to be perpetually remembered in His presence.
  • Permanence and Identity: The engraving, described as "the engravings of a signet," denotes permanence and clear identification. A signet ring was used for sealing documents, signifying authority and authenticity. Similarly, the names of Israel, etched into stone, conveyed an unchangeable covenant relationship and God's enduring commitment to His people.
  • Precision and Sacred Craftsmanship: The instruction emphasizes the "work of an engraver in stone," highlighting the high level of skill and precision required for objects dedicated to divine service. Every detail of the High Priest's garments was to reflect the holiness and glory of God, signifying the reverence due to the Lord.

Linguistic Insights

The Hebrew term for "engraver" is charash eben, emphasizing a skilled artisan working with stone. The phrase "engravings of a signet" uses the word chotam, which refers to a seal or signet ring. This specific type of engraving was known for its deep, clear, and durable impressions, signifying authenticity and the permanent nature of what was being represented. The "ouches of gold" (Hebrew: mishbetzot zahav) refer to the intricate gold settings or filigree work designed to securely hold the engraved stones, showcasing both beauty and stability in the High Priest's attire.

Significance and Practical Application

Exodus 28:11 offers rich insights for believers today:

  • Christ Our High Priest: This passage beautifully foreshadows Jesus Christ, our ultimate High Priest. Just as Aaron carried the names of Israel on his shoulders, Christ bears us before God. He lives to make intercession for us, constantly presenting His people to the Father. We are eternally "engraved" on His heart and mind, known by Him personally.
  • God's Personal Knowledge: The engraving of names signifies God's personal knowledge and remembrance of each individual within His covenant people. He knows His own by name, a comforting truth in a world that often feels impersonal. This reminds us of the profound truth that God cares for each of us individually.
  • Our Call to Intercession: While we don't wear ephods, this verse reminds us of the importance of intercessory prayer. Like the High Priest, we are called to bear one another's burdens and present needs before God, standing in the gap for others in prayer, knowing that our prayers are heard by the One who also carries us.
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Cross-References

  • Exodus 28:25 (2 votes)

    And [the other] two ends of the two wreathen [chains] thou shalt fasten in the two ouches, and put [them] on the shoulderpieces of the ephod before it.

  • Exodus 28:21 (2 votes)

    And the stones shall be with the names of the children of Israel, twelve, according to their names, [like] the engravings of a signet; every one with his name shall they be according to the twelve tribes.

  • Exodus 39:6 (2 votes)

    And they wrought onyx stones inclosed in ouches of gold, graven, as signets are graven, with the names of the children of Israel.

  • Revelation 7:2 (2 votes)

    And I saw another angel ascending from the east, having the seal of the living God: and he cried with a loud voice to the four angels, to whom it was given to hurt the earth and the sea,

  • 2 Timothy 2:19 (2 votes)

    ¶ Nevertheless the foundation of God standeth sure, having this seal, The Lord knoweth them that are his. And, Let every one that nameth the name of Christ depart from iniquity.

  • Exodus 28:36 (2 votes)

    And thou shalt make a plate [of] pure gold, and grave upon it, [like] the engravings of a signet, HOLINESS TO THE LORD.

  • Jeremiah 22:24 (2 votes)

    [As] I live, saith the LORD, though Coniah the son of Jehoiakim king of Judah were the signet upon my right hand, yet would I pluck thee thence;