1 Chronicles 1:22

And Ebal, and Abimael, and Sheba,

And Ebal {H5858}, and Abimael {H39}, and Sheba {H7614},

'Eival, Avima'el, Sh'va,

Obal, Abimael, Sheba,

and Ebal, and Abimael, and Sheba,

Commentary

1 Chronicles 1:22 is a concise verse, part of the extensive genealogical record that opens the book of 1 Chronicles. It lists three names: Ebal, Abimael, and Sheba. These individuals are presented as descendants of Joktan, who was a son of Eber, from the line of Shem.

Context

The book of 1 Chronicles begins with a comprehensive genealogy, tracing the lineage from Adam through the patriarchs and tribes of Israel. This meticulous record served several crucial purposes for the post-exilic community to whom Chronicles was primarily addressed. It re-established their identity, affirmed their covenant heritage, and legitimized the priesthood and kingship. Verses like 1 Chronicles 1:22, though seemingly just a list of names, contribute to this grand narrative, linking the Israelites back to the very origins of humanity and establishing their place within God's unfolding plan. These specific names, Ebal, Abimael, and Sheba, are part of the descendants of Joktan, as first enumerated in Genesis 10, often referred to as the Table of Nations.

Key Themes

  • Genealogical Record: The primary theme is the meticulous preservation of lineage. This was vital in ancient Israel for establishing tribal identity, land inheritance, and priestly claims. It underscores the importance of heritage in God's covenant with His people.
  • Historical Continuity: By listing these names, the Chronicler emphasizes the unbroken line of humanity from creation, connecting the present generation directly to their ancestors. This continuity reinforces God's faithfulness through generations and the enduring nature of His promises.
  • Divine Order and Purpose: Even seemingly minor names in a long list suggest God's sovereign oversight and His intricate plan for humanity, where each individual, known or unknown to us, plays a part in the larger story.

Linguistic Insights

The names themselves are proper nouns of Hebrew origin, and their individual meanings (e.g., Ebal possibly meaning "stone" or "bare mountain"; Abimael, "my father is God"; Sheba, "seven" or "oath") are less emphasized in this context than their collective role as part of a genealogical enumeration. The significance lies in the Hebrew practice of detailed record-keeping, which was not merely for historical accuracy but for theological and communal identity. The repetition of these lists across different biblical books (e.g., Genesis 10 and 1 Chronicles 1) highlights their importance for the biblical authors.

Strategic Cross-References

  • For the original context of these names within the broader Table of Nations: Genesis 10:28-29.
  • For other significant biblical genealogies that highlight lineage: Matthew 1:1-17 (Jesus's lineage) and Luke 3:23-38 (another genealogy of Jesus).

Practical Application

While a simple list of names, 1 Chronicles 1:22 offers several insights for contemporary readers:

  1. God's Attention to Detail: The meticulous record-keeping in Scripture reminds us that God is a God of order and precision. Every individual, every detail, matters in His grand design.
  2. Our Place in History: Just as these ancient names are part of a larger divine narrative, so too are our lives interwoven into God's ongoing story of redemption. We are part of a spiritual heritage that extends back through time.
  3. The Value of Heritage: Understanding our spiritual roots and the faithfulness of God throughout history can provide a strong foundation for our faith and identity today.

Ultimately, this verse, like others in the genealogies, serves as a testament to God's enduring plan and the importance of every individual within His vast and intricate creation.

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Cross-References