Numbers 5:5

Numbers 5:5 serves as a foundational introductory phrase within the Book of Numbers, signaling a direct divine communication. It reads, "And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying," This seemingly simple verse is crucial because it establishes the divine origin and authority of the instructions that follow.

Context of Numbers 5:5

This verse acts as the preamble to a new section of laws and commands given by God through Moses to the Israelites. The preceding verses (Numbers 5:1-4) detail instructions for maintaining the ritual purity of the camp by expelling those who are ceremonially unclean. Immediately following verse 5, the text transitions into laws concerning restitution for wrongs committed against the LORD or against another person (Numbers 5:6-10). Thus, Numbers 5:5 marks the divine initiation of these specific regulations, underscoring their importance within the Israelite legal and social framework.

Key Themes

• Divine Revelation: The most prominent theme is God's direct communication with humanity. This phrase emphasizes that the laws and ordinances given to Israel were not human inventions but originated from the sovereign will of the LORD. It highlights God's active involvement in the daily lives and governance of His people.
• Moses' Mediatorial Role: Moses is consistently presented throughout the Pentateuch as God's chosen instrument and mediator. This verse reiterates his unique position as the one through whom God delivers His commands to the entire nation of Israel. For instance, Deuteronomy 5:5 explicitly states that Moses stood between the LORD and the people to declare God's word.
• Authority of God's Word: By stating that "the LORD spake," the text imbues the subsequent instructions with ultimate authority. These are not suggestions but divine decrees that demand obedience and shape the very fabric of Israelite society, from ritual purity to civil justice.

Linguistic Insights

The phrase "And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying" (in Hebrew, וַיְדַבֵּר יְהוָה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה לֵּאמֹר, vaydabber YHWH el-Mosheh lemor) is a recurring formula throughout the Pentateuch. It serves as a literary device to introduce new divine directives, legal statutes, or narrative shifts driven by God's command. The verb dabber (דבר) implies a direct, clear, and often forceful communication, reinforcing the authoritative nature of the message. This formula ensures that the reader understands the divine origin of the ensuing text, setting it apart from human commentary or tradition.

Related Scriptures

• For another example of God speaking directly to Moses to deliver laws, consider Exodus 25:1, where instructions for the tabernacle begin.
• The broader context of purity laws initiated by divine command is found in Numbers 5:2.
• The principle of God revealing His will to His servants is echoed in Amos 3:7, "Surely the Lord GOD will do nothing, but he revealeth his secret unto his servants the prophets."

Practical Application

While we no longer live under the specific ceremonial and civil laws of the Old Testament, the principle of God's communication remains profoundly relevant. This verse reminds us that God is a speaking God who desires to make His will known to His people. Today, His authoritative word is primarily found in the Holy Scriptures, the Bible. Just as the Israelites were to heed the words spoken through Moses, believers today are called to diligently study and obey God's written Word. This verse encourages us to seek God's guidance, trusting that His instructions are for our good and lead to a life that honors Him.