Ezekiel 4:5

For I have laid upon thee the years of their iniquity, according to the number of the days, three hundred and ninety days: so shalt thou bear the iniquity of the house of Israel.

For I have laid {H5414} upon thee the years {H8141} of their iniquity {H5771}, according to the number {H4557} of the days {H3117}, three {H7969} hundred {H3967} and ninety {H8673} days {H3117}: so shalt thou bear {H5375} the iniquity {H5771} of the house {H1004} of Israel {H3478}.

For I am assigning you one day for each year of their guilt; thus you are to bear the guilt of the house of Isra'el for 390 days.

For I have assigned to you 390 days, according to the number of years of their iniquity. So you shall bear the iniquity of the house of Israel.

For I have appointed the years of their iniquity to be unto thee a number of days, even three hundred and ninety days: so shalt thou bear the iniquity of the house of Israel.

Commentary

Commentary on Ezekiel 4:5 (KJV)

Ezekiel 4:5 is a pivotal verse in the prophet Ezekiel's early ministry, detailing one of the dramatic symbolic actions God commanded him to perform. This act served as a living parable for the rebellious house of Israel, both those in Babylonian exile and those still clinging to false hope in Jerusalem.

Historical and Cultural Context

The prophet Ezekiel was among the Jewish exiles deported to Babylon in 597 BC, prior to the final destruction of Jerusalem. God commissioned him to deliver messages of warning and judgment to a people who had continually turned away from Him. Chapters 4 and 5 describe a series of elaborate, physically demanding symbolic acts Ezekiel was to perform. These acts were not merely illustrations but were intended to be a prophetic sign, a visual representation of the impending siege and destruction of Jerusalem, and the long-standing iniquity of both the Northern Kingdom (Israel) and the Southern Kingdom (Judah).

In this specific verse, God instructs Ezekiel to lie on his left side for 390 days. This period directly corresponds to the "years of their iniquity" for the "house of Israel," referring to the Northern Kingdom, which had a long history of idolatry and rebellion since their split from Judah. This symbolic burden foreshadowed the duration and severity of their punishment. The subsequent verse, Ezekiel 4:6, details a further 40 days for the iniquity of the house of Judah, underscoring God's meticulous accounting of their sins.

Key Themes and Messages

  • Divine Judgment and Accountability: The verse highlights God's justice and His precise reckoning of a nation's cumulative sin. The 390 days are not arbitrary but represent a measured period of Israel's rebellion against God.
  • Prophetic Symbolism: Ezekiel himself becomes a living object lesson, bearing the weight of Israel's sin in a tangible way. His physical posture and endurance symbolize the long-suffering and eventual judgment that would befall the nation.
  • The Burden of Iniquity: The phrase "so shalt thou bear the iniquity" emphasizes the heavy consequences of persistent disobedience. While Ezekiel is not atoning for their sin, he is vividly portraying the burden of guilt and the impending punishment.
  • God's Patience and Warning: The long duration of Israel's iniquity (390 years, represented by days) also implicitly speaks to God's immense patience before bringing judgment, offering ample time for repentance. Yet, when warnings are ignored, judgment is inevitable.

Linguistic Insights

The Hebrew word for "iniquity" here is ืขึธื•ื•ึนืŸ ('avon), which carries a dual meaning of both the sin itself and the guilt or punishment that results from it. Ezekiel is not just bearing the *act* of their sin, but the *consequences* and *guilt* that have accumulated over centuries. The verb "bear" is ื ึธืฉึธื‚ื (nasa'), meaning to lift, carry, or endure. Ezekiel is commanded to physically endure this position, thereby carrying the weight of their long history of transgression as a stark visual sermon.

Practical Application

Ezekiel 4:5 reminds us of the seriousness of sin and God's unwavering commitment to justice. Just as God meticulously accounted for the "years of iniquity" for ancient Israel, He sees and acknowledges all actions. This passage underscores that:

  • Sin has consequences: Individual and national disobedience accumulate and lead to divine reckoning.
  • God's warnings are real: Prophets like Ezekiel served as divine messengers, urging repentance before judgment. We are called to heed God's warnings today.
  • The weight of sin is heavy: Ezekiel's physical burden illustrates the spiritual burden of a life lived apart from God. The Bible consistently calls believers to confess sin and seek forgiveness, finding freedom in 1 John 1:9.

This verse serves as a powerful testament to God's holy character, His patience, and the ultimate certainty of His righteous judgment.

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Cross-References

  • Numbers 14:34 (3 votes)

    After the number of the days in which ye searched the land, [even] forty days, each day for a year, shall ye bear your iniquities, [even] forty years, and ye shall know my breach of promise.

  • Isaiah 53:6 (2 votes)

    All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned every one to his own way; and the LORD hath laid on him the iniquity of us all.