2 Samuel 20:25

And Sheva [was] scribe: and Zadok and Abiathar [were] the priests:

And Sheva {H7864}{H7724} was scribe {H5608}: and Zadok {H6659} and Abiathar {H54} were the priests {H3548}:

Sh'va was recorder, Tzadok and Evyatar were cohanim,

Sheva was the scribe; Zadok and Abiathar were priests;

and Sheva was scribe; and Zadok and Abiathar were priests;

Commentary

2 Samuel 20:25 concludes a list of King David's key administrators, providing a glimpse into the stable, if often challenged, governance of his kingdom. This verse specifically names the royal scribe and the two high priests, highlighting the essential functions of both civil administration and religious leadership during David's reign.

Context

This verse appears at the very end of 2 Samuel, immediately following the suppression of Sheba's rebellion against King David (2 Samuel 20:1-22). The preceding verses (2 Samuel 20:23-24) also list other important officials like Joab (commander of the army) and Jehoshaphat (recorder). By detailing these positions, the narrative emphasizes that despite internal strife and rebellion, the foundational structure of David's government remained intact and functional. It signifies a return to order and the established hierarchy after a period of significant unrest, including Absalom's revolt and Sheba's uprising.

Key Themes

  • Order and Administration: The listing of officials underscores the importance of a structured and organized government for a nation's stability. David, as king, surrounded himself with capable individuals to manage the various facets of the kingdom.
  • Continuity of Leadership: The mention of these key figures, particularly Zadok and Abiathar, shows the enduring nature of their roles through various crises. Their presence signifies stability and the ongoing function of vital state and religious duties.
  • Significance of Roles: The scribe and priests held positions of immense influence. The scribe was a crucial royal administrator, handling correspondence, records, and often advising the king. The priests were essential for the spiritual life of the nation, mediating with God and interpreting divine will.

Linguistic Insights

The term "scribe" translates the Hebrew word sopher (ืกึนืคึตืจ), which denotes not merely a copyist but a highly educated royal secretary or administrator. This was a position of significant influence, often involving advising the king and managing royal affairs. The inclusion of Sheva as scribe indicates the importance of bureaucratic efficiency in David's court.

The term "priests" comes from the Hebrew kohen (ื›ึนึผื”ึตืŸ), referring to those consecrated to serve God, offer sacrifices, and teach God's law to the people. Zadok and Abiathar held the highest priestly offices, serving jointly throughout much of David's reign.

Related Scriptures

  • The dual high priesthood of Zadok and Abiathar is first noted in 2 Samuel 8:17, establishing their long-standing partnership.
  • This partnership, however, did not last. Abiathar later aligned with Adonijah against Solomon, leading to his removal from the priesthood, while Zadok remained loyal and became the sole high priest under Solomon. You can read about this significant shift in 1 Kings 2:26-27.
  • For another example of a royal scribe's important role, consider Shebna, the scribe in the time of King Hezekiah.

Practical Application

This simple administrative verse offers a timeless lesson about the necessity of good governance and dedicated service. Just as David relied on faithful officials, any organization or community, whether a family, a business, or a church, thrives on clear roles, accountable leadership, and individuals committed to their responsibilities. It reminds us that God uses various gifts and positions to bring order and stability, even in challenging times. Our faithful service in whatever role we hold contributes to the overall well-being of the collective.

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Cross-References

  • 2 Samuel 8:17 (3 votes)

    And Zadok the son of Ahitub, and Ahimelech the son of Abiathar, [were] the priests; and Seraiah [was] the scribe;

  • 1 Kings 4:4 (3 votes)

    And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada [was] over the host: and Zadok and Abiathar [were] the priests:

  • 1 Chronicles 18:16 (2 votes)

    And Zadok the son of Ahitub, and Abimelech the son of Abiathar, [were] the priests; and Shavsha was scribe;